From Symbolic Exile to Physical Exile

Ismail Çaglar is lecturer at the Sociology Department of Fatih University in Istanbul.

• Foreword, Introduction, 1 Historical Background, The Republican Reforms: Continuity or Change? The Muslim Conception of Time and Resistance to Secularization, Developments in Turkish Religious Education, The 1990s: A High-Point for ?HLs and the Conservatives, 2 ?HL Graduates in Vienna, The Reasons for Choosing Vienna, Organization, Activities and Leadership, The General Characteristics of European ?hl Graduates, Subjects Studied and Career Plans, Relations with other ?HL Graduates, The Consequences of the Vienna Experience, 3 ?HL Graduates in Sarajevo, The Reasons for Choosing Sarajevo, Organization, Activities and Leadership, The General Characteristics of ?hl Graduates in Sarajevo, Subjects Studies and Career Plans, Relations with Other ?hl Graduates, The Consequences of the Sarajevo Experience, 4 ?HL Graduates in Other Countries, Conclusion, Notes, Bibliography, List of Acronyms, Basic background information on the key respondents, Index.