Experience Psychology! A Laboratory Guide to Psychological Science: Lafayette College

Häftad, Engelska, 2019

Av Carolyn Buckley, Buckley,

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Experience Psychology! A Laboratory Guide to Psychological Science provides a hands-on experience with the science of psychology—and the psychology of science. Students will learn how ideas in psychology are developed, scientifically tested, supported or refuted, and communicated; that is, how psychologists think.As students read about and discuss research, and then design and do research, they will learn the basics in the art and practice of psychological science. Moreover, psychology is not unique among sciences, so they will also learn about the art and practice of science, in general.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum2019-08-07
FormatHäftad
SpråkEngelska
Antal sidor316
Upplaga3
FörlagKendall/Hunt Publishing Co ,U.S.
ISBN9781792404726

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IntroductionAn Open Letter to StudentsAbout This Book and This Course: Things You Should KnowWhat Should You Expect To Learn In Lab?Important Notice about You're… (Grades)ParticipationProblem SolvingWritingHow to Get the Best Possible Grade (I.E, How to Learn the Most)The Biggest Challenges in This LabCHAPTER 1 THE PHILOSOPHY AND PRACTICE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCEConceptsChart 1 – Concept Learning ObjectivesScientific Attitude and the Scientific MethodThree Myths about the Scientific MethodThe Philosophy and Practice of ScienceTypes of ResearchApplicationChart 1A – Application Learning ObjectivesStudy 1A: Recognizing Types of ResearchLab Record for Study 1A: Recognizing Types of ResearchGlossary of Terms and ExamplesCHAPTER 2 DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCHConceptsChart 2 – Concept Learning ObjectivesDescriptive Research: More Science without the Scientific MethodUsefulness and Examples of Descriptive ResearchConceptual Variables and Operational DefinitionsGood Operational Definitions Are both Valid and ReliableApplicationsChart 2A – Application Learning ObjectivesStudy 2A: Naturalistic Observation of College StudentsAdvice for Choosing a Conceptual Variable and Operationally Defining ItProcedure 2ASample Data SheetsLab Record for Study 2A/BChart 2B – Application Learning ObjectivesStudy 2B: Applying and Refining Operational DefinitionsProcedure 2BLab Record for Study 2A/BChart 2C – Application Learning ObjectivesStudy 2C: Introduction to Self-Report DataProcedure 2CGlossary of Terms and ExamplesCHAPTER 3 SUMMARIZING DATA AND GENERATING HYPOTHESESConceptsChart 3 – Concept Learning ObjectivesFrom Raw Data to Meaningful SummariesThe Best Summary Depends on the Type of DataSummarizing Interval DataSummarizing Data with ExcelBox 3.1 – Entering, Selecting, and Sorting Data in MS ExcelBox 3.2 – Summarizing Data: Calculations in MS ExcelGenerating and Testing HypothesesMore than Just an Educated Guess: Types of HypothesesApplicationChart 3A – Application Learning ObjectivesStudy 3A: Summarizing Data with MS Excel and Generating HypothesesLab Record for Study 3AGlossary of Terms and ExamplesCHAPTER 4 CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH: TESTING RELATIONSHIPSConceptsChart 4 – Concept Learning ObjectivesCorrelational ResearchBox 4.1 – Creating Scatterplots in MS ExcelObjective Decision Making: "What Are The Odds…?"Making A Decision Based On Probability: Is Your Research Hypothesis Supported?Box 4.2 – Probabilistic ReasoningCorrelation Does Not Imply CausationHypothesis vs. Prediction: A Critical DistinctionEvidence Is Not "Proof"ApplicationsChart 4A – Application Learning ObjectivesStudy 4A: Anxiety Sensitivity And Handedness: Is There a RelationshipStudying the Brain without Seeing ItApplying Research TerminologyProcedure 4ALab Record for Study 4AChart 4B – Application Learning ObjectivesStudy 4B: Generating and Testing a Correlational HypothesisBox 4.3 – Still More Reasons We Don't Say "Prove"Study 4B Data SheetLab Record for Study 4BGlossary of Terms and ExamplesCHAPTER 5 EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH I: TESTING CAUSAL RELATIONSHIPSConceptsChart 5 - Concept Learning ObjectivesThe Anatomy of ExperimentationManipulation and Control (Mwah–ha–ha–ha–ha)Make Your Own Experiment (Concept Check)Objective (Odds-Based) Decision Making In Experimental ResearchWhy Can't We Just Compare The Averages?Where Does Variability Come From, And Can't We Get Rid Of It?How Does Variability Affect Objective Decision Making?Box 5.1 – What Makes Two Sets Of Numbers Different?Do We Have A Significant Difference?Defining and Interpreting the p-ValueApplicationsChart 5A – Application Learning ObjectivesStudy 5A: Location of Perceptual Motor AftereffectsPerceptual Adaptation and AftereffectsThe Experimental Design: Our Hypothesis, Conceptual Variables, Operational Definitions, and PredictionProcedure 5ABonus Info: More Amazing Animal Sensory Systems You Wish You HadLab Record for Study 5AChart 5B – Application Learning ObjectivesStudy 5B: Language and ThoughtLinguistic Determinism and the Stroop EffectThe Experimental Design: Our Hypothesis, Conceptual Variables, Operational Definitions, and PredictionProcedure 5BLab Record for Study 5BGlossary of Terms and ExamplesCHAPTER 6 EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH II: MATCHED SAMPLES & WITHIN-PARTICIPANTS RESEARCHConceptsChart 6 – Concept Learning ObjectivesA Review of Experimental Terminology and LogicDesigning Experiments to Test HypothesesStrengthen the Signal, Minimize the NoiseMatching Samples Reduces NoiseWithin-Participants Designs: Less Noise, More Data!ApplicationsChart 6A – Application Learning ObjectivesStudy 6A: Effect of Encouragement on Grip StrengthAre We Stronger Than We Realize?Important Notes on Procedure 6ALab Record for Study 6AChart 6B – Application Learning ObjectivesStudy 6B: Effects of Conversation on Reaction TimeResearch on Phone Use While DrivingProcedure 6B-16B Data Sheet for Use with Procedure 1Procedure 6B-26B Data Sheet for Use with Procedure 2Lab Record for Study 6BGlossary of Terms and ExamplesCHAPTER 7 QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCHConceptsChart 7 - Concept Learning ObjectivesQuasi-Experiments vs True ExperimentsHow Does a Lack of Control Make Quasi-Experiments Different?Reasons for Choosing Quasi-Experiments: Ethics and PracticalityBox 7.1 – Types of Single-Group Quasi-ExperimentsThinking Critically About Quasi-Experimental ResearchApplicationsChart 7A – Application Learning ObjectivesStudy 7A: Sleep Deprivation and CognitionProcedure 7B with Data SheetLab Record for Study 7A/B/CChart 7B – Application Learning ObjectivesStudy 7B: Blood Sugar, Cognition, and BehaviorIs There Such a Thing as a Sugar High?Procedure 7B with Data SheetLab Record for Study 7A/B/CChart 7C – Application Learning ObjectivesStudy 7C: Self-Help and Social Support NetworksHow Much Does Self-Help Help?Important Caveats to This ResearchProcedure 7CData Sheet for Study 7CLab Record for Study 7A/B/CGlossary of Terms and ExamplesCHAPTER 8 ADVANCED TOPICS AND ANIMAL RESEARCHConceptsChart 8 – Concept Learning ObjectivesMore Complex ExperimentsAdding Predictions Impacts Objective Decision MakingIncreasing the Number of IVs"The Problem With Research In Psychology Is..."The "Common Sense" ProblemThe "Artificiality" ProblemThe "I Am Not A Rat" ProblemReading & Writing Scientific Reports: Connectivity, Replicability, Integrity & ConvergenceApplicationsChart 8A – Application Learning ObjectivesStudy 8A: Social and Biological Effects On Crayfish AggressionWhy Fight?Crayfish Fighting EtiquetteResearch on Crayfish Aggression by Lafayette College StudentsHow to Safely Handle a CrayfishProcedure 8ALab Record for Study 8A, Part 1 (Part 2 in Lab)Chart 8B – Application Learning ObjectivesStudy 8B: Your Own ResearchPsycinfo: Fishing For Information in a Sea Of KnowledgeIRB ApprovalProcedure 8BGlossary of Terms and ExamplesAppendix A –Information & APA Style GuideFor The Math-Minded: The Probability of Wrongly Rejecting the Null Hypothesis for Multiple ComparisonsAPA-Light Style GuideGeneral RulesIntroductionMethod SectionResultsDiscussionCitations in TextReferencesFigures and CaptionsAppendix B – Answers To Review QuestionsAnswers by Page NumbersReferencesAcknowledgments