Edited by Albert N. Link, Professor Emeritus and former Virginia Batte Phillips Distinguished Professor, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, US

• ContentsIntroduction Albert N. LinkPART IAN OVERVIEW OF STANDARDS1. George V. Thompson (1954), ‘Intercompany, Technical Standardization in the Early American Automobile Industry’, Journal of Economic History, 14 (1), Winter, 1–202. Charles P. Kindleberger (1983), ‘Standards as Public, Collective and Private Goods’, Kyklos, 36 (3), 377–963. Joseph Farrell and Garth Saloner (1985), ‘Standardization, Compatibility and Innovation,’ Rand Journal of Economics, 16 (1), Spring, 70–83 4. Paul A. David and Shane Greenstein (1990), ‘The Economics of Compatibility Standards: An Introduction to Recent Research’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1), 3–415. Stanley M. Besen and Joseph Farrell (1994), ‘Choosing How to Compete: Strategies and Tactics in Standardization’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 8 (2), Spring, 117–316. Mark A. Lemley (2002), ‘Intellectual Property Rights and Standard-Setting Organizations,’ California Law Review, 90 (6), December, 1889–9807. Victor Stango (2004), ‘The Economics of Standards Wars’, Review of Network Economics, 3 (1), March, 1–19PART IICOMPETITION AND STANDARDS8. Albert N. Link (1983), ‘Market Structure and Voluntary Product Standards’, Applied Economics, 15 (3), 393–4019. Donald J. Lecraw (1984), ‘Some Economic Effects of Standards’, Applied Economics, 16 (4), 507-2210. Shane Greenstein (1990), ‘Creating Economic Advantage By Setting Compatibility Standards: Can ‘‘Physical Tie-Ins” Extend Monopoly Power?’ Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 63–8311. Harald Gruber (2000), ‘The Evolution of Market Structure in Semiconductors: The Role of Product Standards’, Research Policy, 29 (6), 725–4012. Joseph Farrell and Timothy Simcoe (2012), ‘Choosing the Rules for Consensus Standardization’, Rand Journal of Economics, 43 (2), Summer, 235–52PART IIISTANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION 13. Albert N. Link and Gregory Tassey (1988), ‘Standards and the Diffusion of Advanced Technologies’, Evaluation and Program Planning, 11 (1), 97–102 14. Paul A. David and W. Edward Steinmueller (1990), ‘The ISDN Bandwagon Is Coming, but Who Will Be There to Climb Aboard?: Quandaries in The Economics of Data Communication Networks’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 43–6215. Jeffrey L. Funk and David T. Methe (2001), ‘Market- and Committee-Based Mechanisms in the Creation and Diffusion of Global Industry Standards: The Case of Mobile Communication’, Research Policy, 30 (4), 589–61016. Jeffrey L. Funk (2003), ‘Standards, Dominant Designs and Preferential Acquisition of Complementary Assets through Slight Information Advantages’, Research Policy, 32 (8), 1325–4117. Anat Hovav, Martin Hemmert and Yoo Jung Kim (2011), ‘Determinants of Internet Standards Adoption: The Case of South Korea’, Research Policy, 40 (2), 253–62PART IVSTANDARDS AND COMPUTER- RELATED TECHNOLOGIES 18. Raymond S. Hartman and David J. Teece (1990), ‘Product Emulation Strategies in the Presence of Reputation Effects and Network Externalities: Some Evidence from the Minicomputer Industry’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 157–8219. Garth Saloner (1990), ‘Economic Issues in Computer Interface Standardization’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 135–5620. Tom Cottrell (1994) ‘Fragmented Standards and the Development of Japan’s Microcomputer Software Industry’, Research Policy, 23 (2), 143–7421. Timothy F. Bresnahan and Shane Greenstein (1999), ‘Technological Competition and the Structure of the Computer Industry’, Journal of Industrial Economics, 47 (1), March, 1–40PART VCASE STUDIES ON STANDARDS22. Wallace E. Oates, Paul R. Portney and Albert M. McGartland (1989), ‘The Net Benefits of Incentive-Based Regulation: A Case Study of Environmental Standard Setting’, American Economic Review, 79 (5), December, 1233–4223. Timothy F. Bresnahan and Amit Chopra (1990), ‘The Development of the Local Area Network Market as Determined by User Needs’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 97–11024. Steven C. Salop (1990), ‘Deregulating Self-Regulated Shared ATM Networks’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 85–9625. Bruce S. Tether, Christiane Hipp and Ian Miles (2001), ‘Standardisation and Particularisation in Services: Evidence from Germany’, Research Policy, 30 (7), August, 1115–3826. Thomas A. Hemphill (2009), ‘Technology Standards-Setting in the US Wireless Telecommunications Industry: A Study of Three Generations of Digital Standards Development’, Telematics and Informatics, 26 (1), February, 103–2427. Albert N. Link and John T. Scott (2012), ‘On the Social Value of Quality: An Economic Evaluation of the Baldrige Performance Excellence Program’, Science and Public Policy, 39 (5), 680–8928. Timothy Simcoe (2012), ‘Standard Setting Committees: Consensus Governance for Shared Technology Platforms’, American Economic Review, 102 (1), February, 305–36PART VIPUBLIC INVOLVEMENT IN STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT29. Gregory Tassey (1982), ‘The Role of Government in Supporting Measurement Standards for High-Technology Industries’, Research Policy, 11 (5), 311–2030. Antonio J. Bailetti and John R. Callahan (1995), ‘Managing Consistency between Product Development and Public Standards Evolution’, Research Policy, 24 (6), 913–3131. Bert Coursey and Albert N. Link (1998), ‘Evaluating Technology-Based Public Institutions: The Case of Radiopharmaceutical Standards Research at the National Institute of Standards and Technology’, Evaluation Review, 7 (3), December, 147–5732. Danièle Bénézech, Gilles Lambert, Blandine Lanoux, Christophe Lerch and Jocelyne Loos-Baroin (2001), ‘Completion of Knowledge Codification: An Illustration through the ISO 9000 Standards Implementation Process’, Research Policy, 30 (9), 1395–40733. Gregory Tassey (2005), ‘Underinvestment in Public Good Technologies’, Journal of Technology Transfer, 30 (1-2) 89–11334. Michael P. Gallaher and Brent R. Rowe (2006), ‘The Costs and Benefits of Transferring Technology Infrastructures Underlying Complex Standards: The Case of IPv6’, Journal of Technology Transfer, 31 (5), 519–44Index

‘Al Link has done a masterful job in selecting a broad set of papers that collectively present the state-of-the-art in economics and policy relating to standards and their role in promoting technological advancement and shaping competition across industry. This volume is an invaluable source to students of technological change and innovation and, by extension, to decision makers in government and industry. A must read.’

Edited by Albert N. Link, Professor Emeritus and former Virginia Batte Phillips Distinguished Professor, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, US

• ContentsIntroduction Albert N. LinkPART IAN OVERVIEW OF STANDARDS1. George V. Thompson (1954), ‘Intercompany, Technical Standardization in the Early American Automobile Industry’, Journal of Economic History, 14 (1), Winter, 1–202. Charles P. Kindleberger (1983), ‘Standards as Public, Collective and Private Goods’, Kyklos, 36 (3), 377–963. Joseph Farrell and Garth Saloner (1985), ‘Standardization, Compatibility and Innovation,’ Rand Journal of Economics, 16 (1), Spring, 70–83 4. Paul A. David and Shane Greenstein (1990), ‘The Economics of Compatibility Standards: An Introduction to Recent Research’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1), 3–415. Stanley M. Besen and Joseph Farrell (1994), ‘Choosing How to Compete: Strategies and Tactics in Standardization’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 8 (2), Spring, 117–316. Mark A. Lemley (2002), ‘Intellectual Property Rights and Standard-Setting Organizations,’ California Law Review, 90 (6), December, 1889–9807. Victor Stango (2004), ‘The Economics of Standards Wars’, Review of Network Economics, 3 (1), March, 1–19PART IICOMPETITION AND STANDARDS8. Albert N. Link (1983), ‘Market Structure and Voluntary Product Standards’, Applied Economics, 15 (3), 393–4019. Donald J. Lecraw (1984), ‘Some Economic Effects of Standards’, Applied Economics, 16 (4), 507-2210. Shane Greenstein (1990), ‘Creating Economic Advantage By Setting Compatibility Standards: Can ‘‘Physical Tie-Ins” Extend Monopoly Power?’ Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 63–8311. Harald Gruber (2000), ‘The Evolution of Market Structure in Semiconductors: The Role of Product Standards’, Research Policy, 29 (6), 725–4012. Joseph Farrell and Timothy Simcoe (2012), ‘Choosing the Rules for Consensus Standardization’, Rand Journal of Economics, 43 (2), Summer, 235–52PART IIISTANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION 13. Albert N. Link and Gregory Tassey (1988), ‘Standards and the Diffusion of Advanced Technologies’, Evaluation and Program Planning, 11 (1), 97–102 14. Paul A. David and W. Edward Steinmueller (1990), ‘The ISDN Bandwagon Is Coming, but Who Will Be There to Climb Aboard?: Quandaries in The Economics of Data Communication Networks’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 43–6215. Jeffrey L. Funk and David T. Methe (2001), ‘Market- and Committee-Based Mechanisms in the Creation and Diffusion of Global Industry Standards: The Case of Mobile Communication’, Research Policy, 30 (4), 589–61016. Jeffrey L. Funk (2003), ‘Standards, Dominant Designs and Preferential Acquisition of Complementary Assets through Slight Information Advantages’, Research Policy, 32 (8), 1325–4117. Anat Hovav, Martin Hemmert and Yoo Jung Kim (2011), ‘Determinants of Internet Standards Adoption: The Case of South Korea’, Research Policy, 40 (2), 253–62PART IVSTANDARDS AND COMPUTER- RELATED TECHNOLOGIES 18. Raymond S. Hartman and David J. Teece (1990), ‘Product Emulation Strategies in the Presence of Reputation Effects and Network Externalities: Some Evidence from the Minicomputer Industry’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 157–8219. Garth Saloner (1990), ‘Economic Issues in Computer Interface Standardization’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 135–5620. Tom Cottrell (1994) ‘Fragmented Standards and the Development of Japan’s Microcomputer Software Industry’, Research Policy, 23 (2), 143–7421. Timothy F. Bresnahan and Shane Greenstein (1999), ‘Technological Competition and the Structure of the Computer Industry’, Journal of Industrial Economics, 47 (1), March, 1–40PART VCASE STUDIES ON STANDARDS22. Wallace E. Oates, Paul R. Portney and Albert M. McGartland (1989), ‘The Net Benefits of Incentive-Based Regulation: A Case Study of Environmental Standard Setting’, American Economic Review, 79 (5), December, 1233–4223. Timothy F. Bresnahan and Amit Chopra (1990), ‘The Development of the Local Area Network Market as Determined by User Needs’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 97–11024. Steven C. Salop (1990), ‘Deregulating Self-Regulated Shared ATM Networks’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 85–9625. Bruce S. Tether, Christiane Hipp and Ian Miles (2001), ‘Standardisation and Particularisation in Services: Evidence from Germany’, Research Policy, 30 (7), August, 1115–3826. Thomas A. Hemphill (2009), ‘Technology Standards-Setting in the US Wireless Telecommunications Industry: A Study of Three Generations of Digital Standards Development’, Telematics and Informatics, 26 (1), February, 103–2427. Albert N. Link and John T. Scott (2012), ‘On the Social Value of Quality: An Economic Evaluation of the Baldrige Performance Excellence Program’, Science and Public Policy, 39 (5), 680–8928. Timothy Simcoe (2012), ‘Standard Setting Committees: Consensus Governance for Shared Technology Platforms’, American Economic Review, 102 (1), February, 305–36PART VIPUBLIC INVOLVEMENT IN STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT29. Gregory Tassey (1982), ‘The Role of Government in Supporting Measurement Standards for High-Technology Industries’, Research Policy, 11 (5), 311–2030. Antonio J. Bailetti and John R. Callahan (1995), ‘Managing Consistency between Product Development and Public Standards Evolution’, Research Policy, 24 (6), 913–3131. Bert Coursey and Albert N. Link (1998), ‘Evaluating Technology-Based Public Institutions: The Case of Radiopharmaceutical Standards Research at the National Institute of Standards and Technology’, Evaluation Review, 7 (3), December, 147–5732. Danièle Bénézech, Gilles Lambert, Blandine Lanoux, Christophe Lerch and Jocelyne Loos-Baroin (2001), ‘Completion of Knowledge Codification: An Illustration through the ISO 9000 Standards Implementation Process’, Research Policy, 30 (9), 1395–40733. Gregory Tassey (2005), ‘Underinvestment in Public Good Technologies’, Journal of Technology Transfer, 30 (1-2) 89–11334. Michael P. Gallaher and Brent R. Rowe (2006), ‘The Costs and Benefits of Transferring Technology Infrastructures Underlying Complex Standards: The Case of IPv6’, Journal of Technology Transfer, 31 (5), 519–44Index

‘Al Link has done a masterful job in selecting a broad set of papers that collectively present the state-of-the-art in economics and policy relating to standards and their role in promoting technological advancement and shaping competition across industry. This volume is an invaluable source to students of technological change and innovation and, by extension, to decision makers in government and industry. A must read.’

Edited by Albert N. Link, Professor Emeritus and former Virginia Batte Phillips Distinguished Professor, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, US

• ContentsIntroduction Albert N. LinkPART IAN OVERVIEW OF STANDARDS1. George V. Thompson (1954), ‘Intercompany, Technical Standardization in the Early American Automobile Industry’, Journal of Economic History, 14 (1), Winter, 1–202. Charles P. Kindleberger (1983), ‘Standards as Public, Collective and Private Goods’, Kyklos, 36 (3), 377–963. Joseph Farrell and Garth Saloner (1985), ‘Standardization, Compatibility and Innovation,’ Rand Journal of Economics, 16 (1), Spring, 70–83 4. Paul A. David and Shane Greenstein (1990), ‘The Economics of Compatibility Standards: An Introduction to Recent Research’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1), 3–415. Stanley M. Besen and Joseph Farrell (1994), ‘Choosing How to Compete: Strategies and Tactics in Standardization’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 8 (2), Spring, 117–316. Mark A. Lemley (2002), ‘Intellectual Property Rights and Standard-Setting Organizations,’ California Law Review, 90 (6), December, 1889–9807. Victor Stango (2004), ‘The Economics of Standards Wars’, Review of Network Economics, 3 (1), March, 1–19PART IICOMPETITION AND STANDARDS8. Albert N. Link (1983), ‘Market Structure and Voluntary Product Standards’, Applied Economics, 15 (3), 393–4019. Donald J. Lecraw (1984), ‘Some Economic Effects of Standards’, Applied Economics, 16 (4), 507-2210. Shane Greenstein (1990), ‘Creating Economic Advantage By Setting Compatibility Standards: Can ‘‘Physical Tie-Ins” Extend Monopoly Power?’ Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 63–8311. Harald Gruber (2000), ‘The Evolution of Market Structure in Semiconductors: The Role of Product Standards’, Research Policy, 29 (6), 725–4012. Joseph Farrell and Timothy Simcoe (2012), ‘Choosing the Rules for Consensus Standardization’, Rand Journal of Economics, 43 (2), Summer, 235–52PART IIISTANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION 13. Albert N. Link and Gregory Tassey (1988), ‘Standards and the Diffusion of Advanced Technologies’, Evaluation and Program Planning, 11 (1), 97–102 14. Paul A. David and W. Edward Steinmueller (1990), ‘The ISDN Bandwagon Is Coming, but Who Will Be There to Climb Aboard?: Quandaries in The Economics of Data Communication Networks’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 43–6215. Jeffrey L. Funk and David T. Methe (2001), ‘Market- and Committee-Based Mechanisms in the Creation and Diffusion of Global Industry Standards: The Case of Mobile Communication’, Research Policy, 30 (4), 589–61016. Jeffrey L. Funk (2003), ‘Standards, Dominant Designs and Preferential Acquisition of Complementary Assets through Slight Information Advantages’, Research Policy, 32 (8), 1325–4117. Anat Hovav, Martin Hemmert and Yoo Jung Kim (2011), ‘Determinants of Internet Standards Adoption: The Case of South Korea’, Research Policy, 40 (2), 253–62PART IVSTANDARDS AND COMPUTER- RELATED TECHNOLOGIES 18. Raymond S. Hartman and David J. Teece (1990), ‘Product Emulation Strategies in the Presence of Reputation Effects and Network Externalities: Some Evidence from the Minicomputer Industry’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 157–8219. Garth Saloner (1990), ‘Economic Issues in Computer Interface Standardization’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 135–5620. Tom Cottrell (1994) ‘Fragmented Standards and the Development of Japan’s Microcomputer Software Industry’, Research Policy, 23 (2), 143–7421. Timothy F. Bresnahan and Shane Greenstein (1999), ‘Technological Competition and the Structure of the Computer Industry’, Journal of Industrial Economics, 47 (1), March, 1–40PART VCASE STUDIES ON STANDARDS22. Wallace E. Oates, Paul R. Portney and Albert M. McGartland (1989), ‘The Net Benefits of Incentive-Based Regulation: A Case Study of Environmental Standard Setting’, American Economic Review, 79 (5), December, 1233–4223. Timothy F. Bresnahan and Amit Chopra (1990), ‘The Development of the Local Area Network Market as Determined by User Needs’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 97–11024. Steven C. Salop (1990), ‘Deregulating Self-Regulated Shared ATM Networks’, Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 1 (1-2), 85–9625. Bruce S. Tether, Christiane Hipp and Ian Miles (2001), ‘Standardisation and Particularisation in Services: Evidence from Germany’, Research Policy, 30 (7), August, 1115–3826. Thomas A. Hemphill (2009), ‘Technology Standards-Setting in the US Wireless Telecommunications Industry: A Study of Three Generations of Digital Standards Development’, Telematics and Informatics, 26 (1), February, 103–2427. Albert N. Link and John T. Scott (2012), ‘On the Social Value of Quality: An Economic Evaluation of the Baldrige Performance Excellence Program’, Science and Public Policy, 39 (5), 680–8928. Timothy Simcoe (2012), ‘Standard Setting Committees: Consensus Governance for Shared Technology Platforms’, American Economic Review, 102 (1), February, 305–36PART VIPUBLIC INVOLVEMENT IN STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT29. Gregory Tassey (1982), ‘The Role of Government in Supporting Measurement Standards for High-Technology Industries’, Research Policy, 11 (5), 311–2030. Antonio J. Bailetti and John R. Callahan (1995), ‘Managing Consistency between Product Development and Public Standards Evolution’, Research Policy, 24 (6), 913–3131. Bert Coursey and Albert N. Link (1998), ‘Evaluating Technology-Based Public Institutions: The Case of Radiopharmaceutical Standards Research at the National Institute of Standards and Technology’, Evaluation Review, 7 (3), December, 147–5732. Danièle Bénézech, Gilles Lambert, Blandine Lanoux, Christophe Lerch and Jocelyne Loos-Baroin (2001), ‘Completion of Knowledge Codification: An Illustration through the ISO 9000 Standards Implementation Process’, Research Policy, 30 (9), 1395–40733. Gregory Tassey (2005), ‘Underinvestment in Public Good Technologies’, Journal of Technology Transfer, 30 (1-2) 89–11334. Michael P. Gallaher and Brent R. Rowe (2006), ‘The Costs and Benefits of Transferring Technology Infrastructures Underlying Complex Standards: The Case of IPv6’, Journal of Technology Transfer, 31 (5), 519–44Index

‘Al Link has done a masterful job in selecting a broad set of papers that collectively present the state-of-the-art in economics and policy relating to standards and their role in promoting technological advancement and shaping competition across industry. This volume is an invaluable source to students of technological change and innovation and, by extension, to decision makers in government and industry. A must read.’