'Demography and Democracy asks what Middle Eastern demographic shifts portend for the region's democracy and political development. Haghighat's argument for restrained optimism regarding such trends is both counter-intuitive and well-substantiated in the quantitative supporting data that she impressively marshals. Any serious scholarship regarding Middle Eastern politics must contend with her provocative argument that urbanization, the rise of knowledge industries, lower fertility rates, higher literacy rates, and more women in the workforce will likely have a dividend: greater democratic and rights-friendly development in the region.' Anthony Tirado Chase, Occidental College, California