Democratic Dilemmas of Teaching Service-Learning

Christine M. Cress is Professor of Educational Leadership, Higher Education Policy, and Community Engagement at Portland State University. She received her Ph.D. from UCLA and was a Fulbright Senior Scholar at Middle East Technical University in Ankara, Turkey. She has conducted professional trainings on curricular integration and the scholarship of service-learning at scores of colleges in North America, Europe, Japan, India, and Nepal. Earlier in her career, she was an academic and career adviser at Western Washington University, Whatcom Community College, and Northwest Indian College. For the last twenty years at PSU, she has directed Master and Doctoral degrees and a fully on-line Graduate Certificate in Service-Learning including facilitation of short-term international service-learning and COIL/Virtual Exchange classes in India, Japan, Morocco, and Turkey. Her cultural privilege is primarily northern European American with Cherokee (non-tribal affiliation) and Sene-Gambian heritage. She is a first-generation college student, adoptee and adoptive parent, and member of a multi-racial lesbian family. These myriad social positions influence her scholarship which addresses intersectionality, systemic oppression, and equity-centered education and community engagement. David M. Donahue is Director of the Leo T. McCarthy Center for Public Services and the Common Good, and a professor of education at the School of Education at the University of San Francisco. and Associates

• Foreword—Thomas Ehrlich Introduction—Christine M. Cress and David M. Donahue I. Democratic Dilemmas of Teaching Service-Learning 1. The Nature of Teaching and Learning Dilemmas. Democracy in the Making—David M. Donahue 2. Banning Books to Protect Children. Clashing Perspectives in Service-Learning—Lynne A. Bercaw 3. Solidarity, Not Charity. Issues of Privilege in Service-Learning—Caroline Heldman II. Designing Service-Learning Courses for Democratic Outcomes 4. Pedagogical and Epistemological Approaches to Service-Learning. Connecting Academic Content to Community Service—Christine M. Cress 5. Student Objection to Service-Learning. A Teachable Moment About Political and Community Engagement—Dari E. Sylvester 6. Practice Makes Imperfect. Service-Learning for Political Engagement as a Window into the Challenges of Political Organizing—Katja M. Guenther 7. Modeling Citizenship. The Nexus of Knowledge and Skill—Stephanie Stokamer III. Creating Democratic Learning Communities Within and Without 8. Consensus, Collaboration, and Community. Mutually Exclusive Ideals?—Christine M. Cress 9. Cultivating Relationships Between a Grass Roots Organization and a University—Judith Liu 10. Negotiating Student Expectations and Interpretations of Service-Learning—Marcia Hernandez 11. Service-Learning is Like Learning to Walk. Baby Steps to Cultural Competence—Tanya Renner, RaeLyn Axlund, Lucero Topete and Molli K. Fleming IV. Deconstructing Dilemmas for Democratically Centered Learning 12. Conflict as a Constructive Curricular Strategy—David M. Donahue 13. Why Are You So Mad? Critical Multiculturalist Pedagogies and Mediating Racial Conflicts in Community-Based Learning—Kathleen S. Yep 14. Working with High School Dropouts. Service-Learning Illustrations of Power and Privilege—Becky Boesch 15. Democratic Lessons in Faith, Service, and Sexuality—Thomas J. Van Cleave V. Academic Disciplines as Dimensions of Democracy 16. Disciplinary Knowledge, Service-Learning, and Citizenship—David M. Donahue 17. Why Should I Care? Introducing Service-Learning and Political Engagement to Computer Science Students—Christopher Brooks 18. Political Science Students and the Disengaged Polis. Civic Education and Its Discontents—Corey Cook 19. Health Psychology and Political Engagement. The Why and How—Sandra A. Sgoutas-Emch 20. To Reform or To Empower. Asian American Studies and Education for Critical Consciousness—Kathleen S. Yep VI. Evaluating Democratic Process and Progress 21. Assessment of Expected and Unexpected Service-Learning Outcomes—Christine M. Cress 22. Expecting the Political, Getting the Interview. How Students (Do Not. See Writing as a Political Act—Catherine Gabor 23. Addressing Policy Dilemmas with Community-Based Research and Assessing Student Outcomes—Laura Nichols, Fernando Cázares, & Angelica Rodriguez 24. Service-Learning for a Democratic Future—David M. Donahue and Christine M. Cress Contributors Index

"With great candor and sophistication, this book explores the complexities of preparing democratic citizens through service learning. Drawing on many disciplines, the authors pair insights about the task's often surprising points of resistance with practical strategies for negotiating its many shoals. Vivid and engaging stories about teaching dilemmas and the students who inhabit them provide something like a wise and supportive friend and counselor to readers who wish to take on this work themselves."Anne Colby Senior ScholarThe Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching"A perfect road map for faculty to assist them in taking their students to the next level of awareness, service, and engagement.This book provides faculty with thought provoking scenarios on how to address dilemmas encountered in implementing service learning. It provides useful illustrations on how “to handle” the dilemmas without infringing on intellectual freedom, values, or judgment of all parties involved by utilizing civil public discourse and reinforcing the importance of civic engagement. Excellent work by all the authors."Lyvier Conss Executive DirectorMESA Community College National Center for Community Engagement"Democratic Dilemmas critically examines the diverse and complex dimensions of our democracy when approaching community engagement through service-learning. By using real life case studies, the authors have created for faculty an invaluable contribution to the growth and success of this pedagogy."Maureen F. Curley PresidentCampus Compact"Over the course of recent decades, I have been increasingly concerned by the evidence that our democracy is in serious trouble. College students are not alone responsible for fixing the messes that the generations before them have created. But unless they are educated to engage in democracy—and not simply sit on the sidelines—the mess can only get worse—much worse. This book is a powerful set of lessons about how to engage college students in ways that are challenging, provocative, and that, most important, provide learning that lasts for active citizenry. I cannot imagine a more important task."Thomas Ehlich, former president of Indiana Universityand Senior Scholar at the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching“The value of this book is no dilemma. For the first time we have a collection of critically framed teaching cases that deals with the often unspoken challenges of teaching service-learning courses. Over twenty faculty scholars from diverse disciplines identify these dilemmas, share curricular designs, and suggest instructional approaches. Whether teaching a service-learning course for the first time or for decades, this book is a required resource to foster democratic, political engagement in our students.”Dwight E. Giles, Jr, ProfessorUniversity of Massachusetts, Boston