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Christopher Penfield illuminates the philosophical encounter between Gilles Deleuze and Michel Foucault, developing the first systematic treatment of Deleuze’s book Foucault, originally published in 1986. Using the full spectrum of Foucault’s primary texts, as well as new insights and analysis from Deleuze’s recently translated and published seminars on Foucault, Penfield identifies and elaborates the two thinkers’ shared philosophy of force as the novel conceptual framework of ‘virtual force ontology.’For the field of Foucault studies, where Foucault still meets with misunderstanding, Penfield clarifies and motivates the demanding, highly abstract portrait of Foucault that Deleuze offers; and in demonstrating Deleuze’s philosophical reconstruction, unlocks unrealized aspects of Foucault’s thought.For students as well as scholars of Deleuze, Penfield establishes the unique place and importance of Foucault in Deleuze’s oeuvre, illuminating the fundamental impact of Foucault on Deleuze and the ‘common cause’ (Deleuze) that shaped the course of their mutually transformative philosophical relationship.
Christopher Penfield is Charles A. Dana Associate Professor of Philosophy at Sweet Briar College. He is the co-editor of Between Foucault and Derrida (EUP, 2016) and author of numerous articles on contemporary French philosophy, social and political theory, and aesthetics, including those published in or by Deleuze and Guattari Studies, The Journal of Speculative Philosophy, Tate Publishing, Foucault Studies and The Cambridge Foucault Lexicon.
AcknowledgementsIntroduction. Foucault’s Double (Foucault) 0.1 Deleuze on Foucault0.2 Deleuze’s Conceptual Evolution: The Audiovisual and the Outside0.3 Note to the ReaderChapter 1. A New Archivist (The Archaeology of Knowledge)1.1 ‘A New Pragmatics’1.1.1 The Rarity and Regularity of Discourse1.1.2 Topology of the Discursive Field1.2 Discursive Production and the ‘Repeatable Materiality’ of StatementsChapter 2. A New Cartographer (Discipline and Punish)2.1 Painterly Writing and Revolutionary Affect2.2 Practice and Theory: The Prison Movement and Transversal Resistance2.3 Power: Macrophysical Postulates and Microphysical Counter-Principles2.3.1 Property Postulate and Strategic Counter-Principle2.3.2 Localisation Postulate and Dispersive Counter-Principle2.3.3 Subordination Postulate and Immanent Counter-Principle2.3.4 Essence-Attribute Postulate and Relational Counter-Principle2.3.5 Modality Postulate and Productive Counter-Principle2.3.6 Legality Postulate and Strategic Counter-Principle, Revisited2.3.7 New Pragmatics of Political Struggle2.4 The Disciplinary Diagram2.4.1 Content and Expression: From the Episteme to Power-Knowledge2.4.2 Power and Visibility: The Prison Machine as Regime of Light2.4.3 The Panoptic Abstract Machine: The Diagram and the Archive2.5 Diagrammatic Social Ontology2.5.1 History and Becoming2.5.2 The Diagram as Immanent Cause2.6 The Mechanosphere of Power2.6.1 A History of Concrete Machines2.6.2 The Becoming of Abstract Machines2.6.3 Foucault’s Three LinesChapter 3. The Strata or Historical Formations: The Visible and the Articulable (Knowledge)3.1 Overview of the Knowledge Axis3.2 The Problem of Truth3.3 The Visible and the Articulable as Historical Conditions of Real Experience3.3.1 The Birth of the Clinic3.3.2 Raymond Roussel3.3.3 History of Madness3.4 Archaeology and the Audiovisual Archive3.4.1 Archaeological Pragmatism3.4.2 Archaeology as Critical Ontology3.4.3 The Being of Language: Murmuring of the ‘One Speaks’3.4.4 The Being of Light: ‘Virtual Visibility’3.5 Audiovisual Capture and the Two Regimes of Truth3.5.1 Posthumous Verification: Two Alethurgic Forms in Confessions of the FleshChapter 4. Strategies or the Non-Stratified: The Thought of the Outside (Power)4.1 Overview: Microphysics as Force Ontology4.2 Power-Knowledge: Relations of Capture between Forces and Forms4.2.1 Actualising Forces in Language and Light4.2.2 Actualising Transformative Force: The Iranian Uprising4.3 The Primacy of Force over Form: Diagram and Archive, Revisited4.4 Resistance and the Thought of the Outside4.4.1 The Primacy of Resistance over PowerChapter 5. Foldings, or the Inside of Thought (Subjectivation) 5.1 The Problem of Resistance5.1.1 The Militant Counter-Truth of Cynic Parrhesia5.2 The Subjectivation Axis: How to Sustain a Line of the Outside5.2.1 Aesthetics of Existence: Askesis, Freedom and the True Life5.2.2 Becoming-Queer: The Creative Resistance of Transversal ConnectionConclusion. The Foucault Assemblage6.1 Virtual Force Ontology and the Historical Ontology of Ourselves6.2 Coda: Chiastic Social PhilosophiesNotesBibliographyIndex
This is a careful nuanced analysis of one of the most productive intellectual friendships in the history of Western philosophy, between Foucault and his exploration of the relations between power and knowledge and Deleuze and his understanding of the transversal and marginal lines of flight that cross these relations. Christopher Penfield shows the creative force and future potential of these conceptual encounters and the profound and utterly original questions they raise that may enable new ways of thinking and living to be created.