The research project "Cultural Expertise in Europe: What is it Useful For?" held its first conference in Oxford during December 2016. Scholars specializing in law and culture in civil and common law traditions both inside and outside Europe present nine papers on cultural expertise with(out) cultural experts, sites of cultural expertise, comparative perspectives on cultural expertise, cultural expertise in non-European contexts, and suggestions for a way forward. Their topics include from invisible to visible: locating cultural expertise in the law courts of two Finnish cities; assessing cultural expertise in Portugal: challenges and opportunities; between norms, facts, and stereotypes: the place of culture and ethnicity in Belgian and French family justice; cultural expertise in Australia: colonial laws, customs, and emergent legal pluralism; and beyond anthropological expert witnessing: toward an integrated definition of cultural expertise.