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How do otherwise ordinary people become perpetrators of genocide? Why are groups targeted for mass killing? How do groups justify these terrible acts? While there are no easy answers to these questions, social psychologists are especially well positioned to contribute to our understanding of genocide and mass killing. With research targeting key questions -such as how negative impressions of outgroups develop and how social influence can lead people to violate their moral principles and other norms - social psychologists have much to teach us about why groups of people attempt to exterminate other groups, why people participate in such atrocious projects, and how they live with themselves afterwards. By bringing together research previously available only to readers of academic journals, this volume sheds crucial light on human behavior at the extremes and in doing so, helps us take one more step towards preventing future tragedies.
Leonard S. Newman earned his PhD in social-personality psychology at New York University. He is an associate professor at Syracuse University, where he serves as Associate Chair of the psychology department. Dr. Newman is co-editor of Understanding Genocide: The Social Psychology of the Holocaust and co-author of Social Psychology: A Storytelling Approach (both with Ralph Erber). His research interests include social stigma, dehumanization, psychological defense, and public perceptions of psychological research.
Acknowledgements PART 1: Lighting the Fuse: Psychological and Emotional Predispositions For Extreme Intergroup ViolenceChapter 1: Genocide and the Male Warrior PsychologyAdam Tratner and Melissa McDonaldChapter 2: Obedient authoritarians or lay Darwinists? Ideological motivations of genocideMicha? BilewiczChapter 3: How Envy Can Incite Anti-Semitism and GenocideRichard H. Smith and Charles E. HooglandPART 2: The Genocidal MindsetChapter 4: Emotional Sources of Intergroup AtrocitiesMichael J. A. Wohl, Nassim Tabri, and Eran HalperinChapter 5: The many roles of dehumanization in genocideNick Haslam Chapter 6: Moral Courage and Moral Disregard: Different Sides of the Same Coin?Allison B. Mueller and Linda J. SkitkaChapter 7: Understanding Intergroup Violence and Its Aftermath From Perpetrator and Victim PerspectivesMengyao Li and Bernhard LeidnerPART 3: Evil is Not Inevitable: New Perspectives on Obedience and Social Influence Chapter 8: Engaged Followership and Engaged Fellowship: Towards a Unified Analysis of Harm-doing and Helping Stephen D. Reicher and S. Alexander HaslamChapter 9: In what way is evil 'banal'? Hanna Arendt's (interactionist) thesisLeonard S. NewmanPART 4: Never Again, Never Forget, Never Forgive, or Never Mind: The Aftermath of Extreme Intergroup ViolenceChapter 10: The Aftermath of Genocide: Divergent Social Psychological Processes among Victim and Perpetrator GroupsJohanna Ray Vollhardt and Michelle Sinayobye Twali Chapter 11: Understanding and Counteracting Genocide DenialRezarta Bilali, Yeshim Iqbal, and Samuel FreelChapter 12: Why do people become perpetrators of genocide? The dangers of explanationYing Tang and Leonard S. Newman
Genocides are profound moral failures, that much is obvious. The thoughtful, provocative chapters in this superb volume go beyond that to explain the ways in which genocides are human failures. The book's gift to readers is in positioning them to see how social psychology helps us to prevent, and respond to, genocides, and can help all of humanity to heal."