Concise Manual of Pathogenic Microbiology

Saroj K. Mishra, Ph.D is an Adjunct Professor of Microbiology at the University of Houston Clear Lake, Houston, Texas. Dr. Mishra has over 35 years of teaching and research experience in medical microbiology, and holds several patents. The author of numerous peer-reviewed articles, Dr. Mishra also reviews submissions for the Canadian Journal of Microbiology, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal of Infectious Diseases, and MycopathologiaDipti Agrawal, M.D. is a Board Certified physician in internal medicine and infectious diseases. She has over 10 years of experience practicing in infectious disease clinics and hospitals in Houston, Texas.

• Preface xiAbout the Authors xiii1 Introduction 1Koch’s Postulate 2Terminology 3Major Categories of Pathogenic Microorganisms 4Transmission of Infectious Disease (Mode of Dissemination) 5Universal Precautions 62 Host-Microbe Interactions 9Resident Microbiota 9Host Defenses 113 Antibiotics and Other Chemotherapeutic Agents 17Classification of Antibiotics 17Summary of the Mechanisms of Action 244 Antiseptics and Disinfectants 25Physical Control of Microorganisms 25Chemical Control of Microorganisms 275 Gram-Positive Cocci 31Bacterial Taxonomy (An Overview) 31Clinically Important Gram-Positive Cocci 32Gram-Positive Cocci Related to Streptococcus Species 386 Gram-Positive Bacilli 41Clostridium Species 41Lactobacillus Species 46Bacillus Species 46Listeria Species 497 Gram-Positive Bacteria with Rudimentary Filaments 53Corynebacterium diphtheriae 53Mycobacterium Species 548 Gram-Negative Cocci 61Neisseria Species 61Moraxella catarrhalis 64Haemophilus influenzae 65An Overview of Gram-Negative Bacteria 679 Gram-Negative Bacilli 69Specimen Collection 69Media and Laboratory Diagnosis 69Enterobacteriaceae 71Glucose Nonfermenters 78Uncommon Nonfermentative Taxa 8110 Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacteria 83Brucella melitensis 83Bordetella pertussis 85Francisella tularensis 86Pasteurella Species 87Vibrio cholerae 88Aeromonas Species 90Campylobacter Species 90Legionella Species 92Gardnerella vaginalis 93Chlamydia Species 94Rickettsia rickettsii 95Bacteroides Species 96Calymmatobacterium granulomatis 96Cardiobacterium hominis 96Streptobacillus moniliformis 96Spirillum minus 9711 Spirochetes and Bacteria without a Cell Wall 99Spirochetes 99Bacteria without a Cell Wall 10312 Actinomycetes 107Anaerobic Actinomycetes 108Aerobic Actinomycetes 108Thermophilic Actinomycetes 11213 Introduction to Pathogenic Fungi and Superficial Mycoses 113Yeast-Like Fungi 113Molds or Filamentous Fungi 114Dimorphic Fungi 114Superficial Mycoses 115Mucocutaneous Mycoses 12114 Subcutaneous and Systemic Mycoses 125Subcutaneous Mycoses 125Systemic Mycoses 127Diseases Caused by Dimorphic Fungi 127Diseases Caused by Yeast-Like Fungi 135Diseases Caused by Filamentous Fungi 138Diseases Caused by Miscellaneous Filamentous Fungi 14315 Unicellular Parasites 145Laboratory Methods in Parasitology 145Diseases Caused by Lumen-Dwelling Protozoa 146Blood- and Tissue-Dwelling Protozoa 14916 Multicellular Parasites 155Lumen-Dwelling Helminths 155Blood- and Tissue-Dwelling Helminths 16117 Viruses and Prions 165Laboratory Diagnosis 166Double-Stranded DNA Viruses 166Single-Stranded DNA Viruses 171Double-Stranded RNA Viruses 171Single-Stranded RNA Viruses 171Prions 179Bibliography and Suggested Reading 181Index 185