In the wake of the arrival of the East India Company and its settlement at the Cape of Good Hope, also the Christian faith came to South Africa. In a series of biographical studies this book looks at the lives of men and women, including the enslaved people, and their relation to the Church.Based on extensive archival research from both the Netherlands and South Africa, the book uncovers the story of young men and women, freeborn or enslaved, in the emerging society at the Cape, halfway station for ships between the Low Countries and the Indonesian archipelago. It is the first book to provide such in-depth research to uncovered sources. The author demonstrates that the face of the Church was surprisingly broad in confession and policy as it also counted emancipated slaves among her members.Telling the story of two early decades at the Cape, the book will be of interest to researchers in the history of society and Church in the seventeenth century of colonial Europe and Africa and the history of colonisation, slavery and South Africa.
Erik A. de Boer, is professor emeritus in Church history at the Theological University Utrecht (formerly Kampen), the Netherlands. His research interests include John Calvin, Genevan and French reformation, Guy de Bres, Church history of the Low Countries, National Synod of Dort (1618-1619), and Jewish history.His previous publications include The Genevan School of the Prophets: The congrégations of the Company of Pastors and its Influence in 16th Century Europe (2012).
Table of contentsSeries prefaceIntroduction1. Joan van Arckel, ‘first resident minister’1.1 Two ships, a young minister, and a comforter of the sick1.2 The publication of a disputation1.3 Johannes Hoornbeeck1.4 The conversion of American Indians1.5 A student’s social network1.6 The Indies or the Cape?1.7 Church books1.8 A Church with no name1.9 The commander’s spirituality1.10 A rhythm of Church services1.11 Joan van Arckel’s legacy1.12 A window on Van Arckel’s youth2. A mass baptism of slave children2.1 Pierre Casier, another Hoornbeeck student2.2 VOC directors and classes: conflict over competences2.3 Called to baptize2.4 Wagenaer’s weight3. Johannes de Vooght: the expected permanent minister?3.1 Johannes de Vooght, one of the Amsterdam twins3.2 A minister’s work3.3 The Baldaeus incident3.4 Jacobus Burenus: who decides for the Cape?4. Petrus Wachtendorp and the West Indian Company4.1 Cajana4.2 The Maasbommel mystery4.3 Second chances at the Cape4.4 The widow: No false testimony4.5 Christian discipline4.6 The sale of slaves4.7 [letter of classis Amsterdam to Wachtendorp, 25 June 1663]5. A Protest voice5.1 Ethics of commerce5.2 Catechism class5.3 A Pamphlet from Zeeland5.3.1 The missiologies of Voetius and Hoornbeeck5.3.2 De Raad’s Bedenckingen over den Guineeschen slaef-handel5.4 Manumissions in the early years6. Adrianus de Vooght6.1 The other De Vooght6.2 Pastoral practice6.3 Baptismal practice6.4 Communicant members6.5 Child care for Koina kids6.6 Marriages and guests6.7 Slave trading?7. Rudolph Meerlant7.1 War ship minister7.2 Casting lots7.3 Election of elders and deacons7.4 The Cape’s orphans7.5 Baptismal instruction of Roman-catholic parents8. Petrus Hulsenaer: Taking stock of the flock8.1 Commander Johan Bax and Meerlant’s last report8.2 Experience on outposts8.3 Last will of a young couple8.4 ‘About seventy members’8.5 Again, the baptism of slave children8.6 Johan Fredrick Stumphius: unexpected appearance8.7 Baptismal discrimination?8.8 Collegial communication in Latin9. Johannes Overneij, seasoned servant9.1 Disputation on providence9.2 A schoolteacher as minister for the West Indies9.3 The pull of the East Indies9.4 The baptismal policy revisited, 16799.5 Van Reede’s reform, 16859.6 From refreshment post to colony9.7 Caring for the slaves and the colony’s future9.8 Baptism reconsidered9.9 Pastoral care of passing Jesuits9.10 Overneij’s passing10. Sisters, wives, widows10.1 Elisabeth van Arckel, schoolmistress10.2 Elisabeth Pauw, daughter of the VOC10.3 Maria Prignon, a young widow10.4 Anna Meranus, claiming her rights10.5 Catharina and Anna de Vooght, family of the brothers10.6 Women in Rudolph Meerland’s life?10.7 Rebecca van Baelbergen’s last will10.8 Barbara Simons Rottinga, minister’s widow and farmer’s wife10.9 Balance11. Deacons, the rich and the poor11.1 Collections in Church11.2 The liturgical form on deacons11.3 Church finance equals poor relief11.4 The deacons’ bookkeeping11.5 Silver for the Lord’s table11.6 Masters of the Orphan Chamber11.7 Pieter van der Meerhoff and Eva’s children11.8 Deacons between Church and Company12. Conclusions: A Solid Start12.1 A congregation12.2 The Church as a public body12.3 The quality of the ministers12.4 The Cape, Batavia and the classis Amsterdam12.5 Elders and deacons12.6 SlaveryAppendicesI. Joh. Van Arckel to consistory of Batavia, [25 August 1665]II. Joh. Van Arckel to consistory of Batavia, [late December 1665]III. Excerpt of letter by Rudolphus Meerlant [to consistory Batavia], 16 September 1676.IV. Council and Consistory membersV. Last will of Hulsenae and Rebecca van BaelbergenVI. Estate of Barbara Rottinga, widow of Rev. Johannes OverneijIllustrationsCover: One of the silver communion cups and plates, made by Daniel Echt in 1669, today preserved in Groote Kerk, Cape Town (see below Chapter 11.5).BibliographyIndex of namesIndex of placesIndex of biblical passagesIndex of subjects