Christian-Muslim Relations in the Aftermath of the Arab Spring

Anna Hager is currently a research fellow at the University of Vienna, Austria. She has published on Christian-Muslim relations, Christians in the Middle East and the Syriac Orthodox Church in Guatemala.

• Introduction: Revisiting Christian-Muslim Relations through a Minor Controversy1. Beyond the Controversy: Islamist Movements and the Constraints of the Political Game Introduction Egypt: Claiming the Islamic Leadership The Risks of Antagonising Copts Lebanon: Contesting Hezbollah’s Islamic and Lebanese leadership Jordan: Dissatisfaction with the Regime Conclusion2. Another Understanding of Violence: From Coptic-Muslim Violence to a Far Greater Danger Introduction The Starting Point: Sectarian Violence in Egypt The Issue of Christian Fear The Hierarchisation of Targets and Victims The Greater Danger: Potential Violence Conclusion3. The Stakes of Being Christian or Muslim: The Other Key Actors of Christian-Muslim Relations Introduction The Legal and Political Foundations of being Christian or Muslim in Egypt, Jordan and Lebanon Another Key Player: Official Islam The Forgotten Christian Laity The Churches Upset Speaking as and for Christians Conclusion4. Searching for Proximity to the Other: Redefining Fitna and Dhimma Introduction Classical Islamic and Christian Attitudes: Polemics The Moderation of Islamist Attitudes towards Christians The Fear of Fitna A Christian Expansion of the Term dhimma Searching for Proximity to Muslims The Limited Institutionalisation of Proximity Conclusion5. The Core of Peaceful Relations: Rituals of Solidarity and Avoidance Introduction Ritualised and Avoiding Language: Rituals of Solidarity Behaviour and the Expectation of Reciprocity Excurse: The Issue of Christmas A Powerful Ritual: The United Egyptian Nation Conclusion6. Renegotiating the Promises of the Arab Spring Introduction Old and New Fears What Level of Differentiation? The Egyptian, Lebanese and Jordanian Nations The Religious Foundations of Unity The Political Sources of Unity ConclusionConclusion: The Requirements for the Ideal Islamic SocietyBibliography

Christian-Muslim Relations in the Aftermath of the Arab Spring offers timely reflection on the character of relations between Christians and Muslims in the Middle East. Based upon a wide range of sources skilfully deployed, Hager seeks to describe how society assuages violence, reframing Muslim-Christian relations at moments of tension around Christian agency and the constraints on radical Muslim actors, thus allowing for a dynamic and complex web of political factors to strengthen their relations and respective religious statuses. Hager offers much to ponder in considering the Christian-Muslim encounter today.