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During the Cold War, the People's Republic of China used Switzerland as headquarters for its economic, political, intelligence, and cultural networks in Europe. Based on extensive research in Western and Chinese archives, China's European Headquarters charts not only how Switzerland came to play this role, but also how Chinese networks were built in practice, often beyond the public face of official proclamations and diplomatic interactions. By tracing the development of Sino-Swiss relations in the Cold War, Ariane Knüsel sheds new light on the People's Republic of China's formulation and implementation of foreign policy in Europe, Latin America and Africa and Switzerland's efforts to align neutrality, humanitarian engagement, and economic interests.
Ariane Knüsel is Associate Researcher at the University of Fribourg and the University of Basel's Europainstitut.
Introduction; 1. Creating a European hub: Recognition, potential, and frictions (1949–1958); 2. Becoming a global hub: The Sino-Soviet split, the Great Leap Forward, and Tibetan refugees (1958–1965); 3. 'A sick man shaken by fits of madness': Dealing with China during the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976); 4. Dr. No in Switzerland: Bern as a Chinese intelligence hub; 5. Conclusion: A new Cold War or more of the same?
'Ariane Knüsel delivers a compelling historical account of how Switzerland became a key hub for Chinese foreign policy, commercial interests and intelligence operations in Europe during the Cold War. This is a must-read for anyone interested in Sino-European relations at the intersection of trade, human rights, intelligence and Cold War politics.' Christian F. Ostermann, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars