Cementitious Materials Science

Zongshou Lin, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China

• ContentsIntroduction1 General Portland Cement1.1 Invention and technological process of cement1.1.1 Invention of cement1.1.2 Technological process of cement1.2 Composition of Portland cement clinker1.2.1 Chemical component and mineral composition of clinker1.2.2 Ratio value of clinker1.2.3 Calculation of clinker’s mineral composition1.3 Raw materials and raw material proportioning of Portland cement1.3.1 Raw materials of cement1.3.2 Composition design of clinker1.3.3 Computation of raw material proportioning1.4 Calcination of Portland cement clinker1.4.1 Desiccation and dehydration1.4.2 Carbonate decomposition1.4.3 Solid-phase reaction1.4.4 Sintering of clinker1.4.5 Cooling of clinker1.4.6 Functions of other components1.4.7 Main equipment for clinker’s calcination1.5 Production and standard of general Portland cement1.5.1 Cement mixing materials1.5.2 Definition, categories and technical requirements of general Portland cement1.5.3 Limestone Portland cement1.5.4 Grinding of cement1.6 Hydration and hardening of general Portland cement1.6.1 Hydration of clinker minerals1.6.2 Hydration of Portland cement1.6.3 Hydration and hardening of blended Portland cement1.6.4 Hydration rate1.6.5 Hardened cement paste1.7 Properties of Portland cement1.7.1 Density and volume density1.7.2 Fineness1.7.3 Consistency and fluidity of water demand1.7.4 Condensation time1.7.5 Intensity1.7.6 Volume change1.7.7 Water retention and segregation1.7.8 Heat of hydration1.7.9 Heat resistance1.7.10 Anti-permeability1.7.11 Frost-resistance1.7.12 Corrosion resistanceExercises2 Characteristic cement and special cement2.1 Aluminate and high-temperature cement2.1.1 Aluminate cement2.1.2 Phosphoric acid and phosphate refractory castable2.1.3 Water glass refractory castable2.2 Fast hardening and high strength cement2.2.1 Fast hardening Portland cement2.2.2 Fast hardening sulphoaluminate cement2.2.3 Fast hardening ferrous aluminate cement2.2.4 Fast hardening fluoraluminate cement2.2.5 Fast hardening and high strength aluminate cement2.2.6 Ultra-fast hardening coagulation aluminate cement2.3 Anti-sulfate cement, moderate- or low-heat cement and road cement2.3.1 Anti-sulfate cement2.3.2 Moderate- or low-heat cement Portland cement, low-heat slag cement2.3.3 Low-heat slight expansive cement2.3.4 Low-heat slag Portland cement2.3.5 Road Portland cement2.3.6 Slag road cement2.4 Expansive and self-stressing cement2.4.1 Basic principles of producing expansive cement2.4.2 Categories of expansive cement2.4.3 Production and properties2.5 Oil well cement2.6 Decoration cement2.6.1 White Portland cement2.6.2 Colored cement2.7 Masonry cement2.7.1 Masonry cement（GB/T 3183—2003）2.7.2 Slag masonry cement（JC/T 1090—2008）Exercises3 Gypsum3.1 Raw materials of gypsum3.1.1 Natural gypsum3.1.2 Industrial by-produced gypsum3.2 Production of gypsum plaster3.2.1 Dehydration and phase transition of gypsum3.2.2 Preparation of hemihydrate gypsum3.3 Building gypsum3.3.1 Production of building gypsum3.3.2 Properties and its affecting factors of building gypsum3.4 Hydration and hardening of hemihydrate gypsum3.4.1 Hydration of gypsum binding materials3.4.2 Hydration process and hardening mechanism of dehydrate phase3.4.3 Main factors affecting hemihydrate gypsum’s hydration3.4.4 Hardening of gypsum paste3.5 Activation and application of anhydrite3.5.1 Activation method of anhydrite3.5.2 Binder of anhydrite3.6 Structure and property of gypsum’s hardened paste3.6.1 Structure of gypsum’s hardened paste3.6.2 Strength of gypsum’s hardened paste3.6.3 Water resistance of gypsum’s hardened paste3.7 Application of gypsum cementitious materials3.7.1 Gypsum cementitious materials3.7.2 Gypsum products3.8 Acceptance inspection and storage of gypsumExercises4 Lime4.1 Raw materials of lime4.2 Production of lime4.2.1 Calcination of calcium carbonate4.2.2 Lime varieties4.2.3 Properties of building lime4.2.4 Technical requirements of building lime4.2.5 Activity of lime4.3 Lime hydration4.3.1 Hydration of lime4.3.2 Characteristics of lime hydration4.4 Formation of lime paste4.4.1 Dissolution and dispersion of lime under action of water4.4.2 Formation of lime paste’s coagulation structure4.4.3 Formation of lime paste’s crystal structure4.5 Hardening of lime paste4.5.1 Additional strength of crystallization and desiccation4.5.2 Carbonation4.6 Application of lime4.6.1 Production of building quick lime powder4.6.2 Preparation of hydrated lime in powder or paste4.6.3 Formulation of lime mortar and grout4.6.4 Formulation of lime soil and concrete4.6.5 Production of silicate products4.6.6 Production of carbonization products4.7 Acceptance inspection, storage and reservation of limeExercises5 Magnesium cementitious materials5.1 Definition of magnesium cementitious materials5.2 Raw materials of magnesium cementitious materials5.3 Calcination magnesium cementitious materials5.4 Hydration of magnesium cementitious materials5.4.1 Distiller liquor for hydration5.4.2 Hydration products of magnesium cement5.4.3 Strength of hardened paste of magnesium cement5.5 Properties of magnesium cementitious materials5.5.1 Activity of hydration5.5.2 Cohesiveness5.5.3 Heat resistance and frost resistance5.5.4 Abrasive resistance5.5.5 Anti-efflorescence property5.5.6 Water resistance5.6 Application of magnesium cementitious materials5.6.1 Magnesium cement particleboard, fiberboard5.6.2 Magnesium cement floor5.6.3 Magnesium cement concrete and magnesium cement products5.6.4 Magnesium fiber composite materials5.6.5 Magnesium cement concrete solar cooker5.7 Storage and transportation of magnesium cementitious materialsExercises6 Other cementitious materials6.1 Water glass6.1.1 Main parameters of water glass6.1.2 Varieties and preparations of water glass6.1.3 Technical parameters of water glass6.1.4 Hardening process of water glass6.1.5 Application of water glass6.2 Phosphate cementitious materials6.2.1 Magnesium phosphate cementitious materials6.2.2 Aluminum phosphate cementitious materials6.3 Geopolymer cementitious materials6.3.1 Hydration process and products of geopolymer cementitious materials6.3.2 Mechanical property of geopolymer materials6.3.3 Application of geopolymer materials6.4 Polymer modified inorganic cementitious materialsExercisesAppendixBibliography