Cavalier Perspective

Founder, leader, and chief theoretician of the surrealist movement, the poet André Breton was born in Normandy in 1896. A medical student at the outset of the First World War, Breton served in the army at a neurological ward, where he treated patients for post-traumatic stress, including Jacques Vaché, whose iconoclastic views influenced him considerably. In post-war Paris, Breton sought out writers like Apollinaire and Reverdy, began a periodical Littérature with Philippe Soupault and Louis Aragon, and helped form a French contingent of Dada under the leadership of Tristan Tzara. But already Breton and his friends were moving beyond the absolute negation of Dada to Surrealism, a movement rooted in pure psychic automatism, desire, chance, poetry, and the marvelous. Under Breton’s leadership, Surrealism became the most vital European avant-garde of interwar high modernism, its influence extending to Egypt, Japan, and the Caribbean. Exiled to the United States during the Second World War, due to the Nazi occupation, Breton would return to Paris in 1945 and continue to lead the movement until his death in 1966.Austin Carder is the translator of Poetries by Georges Schehadé (Song Cave, 2021). He received a B.A. in English from Yale and a Ph.D. in Comparative Literature from Brown. He lives in San Francisco.Garrett Caples is a poet and an editor at City Lights Books. He is most recently the author of a book of fables, Proses (Wave, 2024), and a poetry collection, Lovers of Today (Wave, 2021). He lives in San Francisco.

• Cavalier Perspective: Last Essays, 1952–1966André Breton Translated by Austin CarderIntroduction by Garrett CaplesLink"You have the floor, young seer of things…"On André GideStalin in HistoryAt the Right TimeFarewell, If I MayShadow Not of a Serpent, but of a Flowering TreeLetter to Robert AmadouOn AstrologyOne in the OtherExamples of Definitions of the Game "One in the Other"Implications of "One in the Other"AppendixNew Elements of the Combined Dictionary "One in the Other"I. — General RepertoireII. — Historical and Geographical SectionPosition of MelmothSuspension BridgeInitial Small TalkDarien the DamnedEveryday MagicForward to UltramarinesSpeech at the Meeting "In Defense of Freedom"Surrealism and TraditionEmbers at Ceridwen's CauldronResponse to a Survey: "Is sublime love the only one?"On Magic ArtThe Language of StonesFlora TristanToo Much for Us?Letter to Guy Chambelland Regarding Xavier ForneretSpeech at the "Conscientious Objectors Relief Gala"On Robert DesnosOn Antonin ArtaudFar from OrlyPreface to Oscar Panizza's The Council of LovePhoenix of the MaskResponse to a Survey on Space ExplorationTributeDrawbridgeInterview with Madeleine ChapsalBelvedereFirst HandCavalier PerspectiveInterview with Guy DumurAcknowledgements

"Cavalier Perspective is a highly welcome addition to the body of Breton's work in English translation. The Breton of these late writings may be diminished, but he is far from depleted. . . . City Lights' edition of this collection is beautifully presented. Austin Carder's translation of Breton's notoriously labyrinthine prose reads well, and Caples' scholarly introduction helpfully situates Cavalier Perspective within the context of Breton's history as well as in relation to some of today's social and political concerns. In addition, the endnotes following individual pieces provide useful information on the people and events referred to in the texts."—Daniel Barbiero, The Compulsive Reader"Breton identified the ailments as Enlightenment positivism and the modes of industrial civilization that followed in its wake, which reduce people to small, interchangeable parts in a logical, orderly world. Perhaps what we now instinctively define as 'surreal' are the instances when the mask of that world falls away, revealing something far stranger, less predictable, and more protean beneath it — the same forces of the unconscious that Breton wanted us to harness."—Nolan Kelly, Hyperallergic"Cavalier Perspective ranges over the final phase of André Breton's career; more than just essays, the book collects assorted reportage, interviews, survey responses, and letters—including a number of forewords and prefaces written for other writers' books, offering a balanced portrait of the man who founded and sustained one of the twentieth century's most influential arts movements."—Eric Bies, Asymptote"Forty essays are shared here, wildly ranging in subject and theme, from prefaces to books by friends, lectures presented at symposiums, ruminations on magic, communism, astrology, the language of stones, the feverish visions of Robert Desnos and Antonin Artaud and everything else in between. Anyone interested in understanding how Dada morphed into Surrealism and how Surrealism morphed into Fluxus, then into pop art, then into conceptual art, and beyond, would be well served by picking up Monsieur Breton's fabulous guided tour to the avant-garde cultural map of the last century."—Donald Brackett, Embodied Meanings: The Brackett Newsletter"Breton died two years short of May '68 but his principles were under every paving stone. Whether he is citing Aime Césaire's Discourse on Colonialism as a 'pure source' in the struggle against empire, or reasserting his faith that dreams are 'guiding instructions,' Breton is clearer than ever here. Cavalier Perspective also contains my favorite Breton quote about writing: 'in relation to everything that could be considered aberrant and unbearable, it should from the outset demonstrate a desire to intervene.'"—Sasha Frere-Jones, author of Earlier"Cavalier Perspective is André Breton's last book, sensitively assembled by his friend Marguerite Bonnet from occasional texts written during the final decade and a half of his life. It shows him as a significant chronicler of his age, one who was fully engaged with the issues of his time, many of which are still of relevance and vital importance for us today."—Michael Richardson, general editor of The International Encyclopedia of Surrealism "Addressing all the major themes that preoccupied Breton throughout his career—from Trotskyism and anti-colonialism to anti-rationalism, the role of the marvelous, and the 'complete liberation of poetry and, through it, of life'—these late essays amount to the last word of one of the most influential aesthetic minds of the 20th century. They also give us a vivid portrait of an age drawn through the arts and artists that so profoundly marked it. Austin Carder has performed a monster feat of translation here, catching every nuance of Breton's sinuous, faceted thinking, and Garrett Caples' substantial introduction draws on his extensive scholarship to give the reader the historical, political, and social background necessary to grasp its intricacies and impact." —Cole Swensen, author of And And And"André Breton within his penultimate range of living issued fumes from a monument of orchids sans Metropolitan concrete and anguish. Via Cavalier Perspective (this belatedly translated voltage) he thrives within waves of his immeasurable aural spell. The latter by means of a blinding convoluted majestic that simultaneously transmutes by means of interior eddy. Within this mesmeric conjointment he powerfully witnesses Artaud, magnifying their mutually thriving poetic identity not unlike magically etched lightning by psychically seeded weather. This interior tenor pervades Cavalier Perspective as it persists by inner lingual leap, always hailing beyond tendentious rationality, the latter charred by delimited lingual essence. Within its refracted state of fractional detritus, its intent is infected by fossilized tenor weighed as it is by linear clotting. Thus the latter state attempts to retain its lostness vis-á-vis instillment by magnification as history."—Will Alexander, author of Divine Blue Light (For John Coltrane)