This work examines the institutional and contextual factors related to race, culture, and identity that affect historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs), in the past and especially in the present. Part 1 delves into US perspectives on race and identity in black colleges, with discussion of black male students at HBCUs, black women administrators and faculty at HBCUs, and non-black student recruitment. Part 2 encompasses global perspectives on race and culture in black colleges, looking at HBCU labor market outcomes, collegiate desegregation in South Africa and the US, and the absence of indigenous African higher education. One chapter is devoted to an HBCU in the Caribbean: the University of the Virgin Islands. The book concludes with reflections on African Americans choose HBCUs in the 21st century.