Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Antarctic Research Series, Volume 78.The seas surrounding Antarctica are the least-studied on Earth, yet they figure prominently in both the global climate system and the biogeochemical cycling of such key elements as C, N, Si, and P. The Southern Ocean affects climate directly through the sinking of surface waters via cooling and changes in salt content. Such water near Antarctica moves slowly northward through all major ocean basins. In doing so, it retains a long-lived signature of the physical and biological processes that occurred in Antarctic surface waters lasting many hundreds of years through all phases: sinking, northward flow, and mixing or upwelling into the sunlit ocean thousands of kilometers away. By this process, CO2 that dissolves into the Antarctic seas may be stored in the deep ocean for centuries. In fact, the Southern Ocean is one of the most important regions on Earth for the uptake and subsurface transport of fossil fuel CO2.
Giacomo R. DiTullio and Robert B. Dunbar are the authors of Biogeochemistry of the Ross Sea, published by Wiley.
PrefaceGiacomo R. DiTullio and Robert B. Dunbar ixBiogeochemistry of the Ross Sea—An IntroductionGiacomo R. DiTullio and Robert B. Dunbar 1Section 1: Physics and Hydrography of the Ross SeaThe Ross Sea Circulation During the 1990sMichael L. Van Woert, Eric S. Johnson, Leonardo Langone, Denise L. Worthen, Andy Monaghan,David H Bromwich, Roberto Meloni, and Robert B. Dunbar 5Section 2: Phytoplankton Biomass and Primary Production in the Ross SeaAlgal Pigment Ratios in the Ross Sea: Implications for CHEMTAX Analysis of Southern Ocean DataGiacomo R. DiTullio, Mark E. Geesey, Amy R. Leventer, and Michael R Lizotte 35The Ross Sea Polynya Project: Diatom- and Phaeocystis-dommated Phytoplankton Assemblages in theRoss Sea, Antarctica, 1994 and 1995David L. Garrison, Angela Gibson, Holly Kunze, Marcia M. Gowing, Chrystal L. Vickers, Sylvie Mathot, and Ross C. Bayre 53Evaluating Photosynthetic Carbon Fixation During Phaeocystis antarctica BloomsDale H. Robinson, Kevin R. Arrigo, Giacomo R. DiTullio, and Michael P. Lizotte 77A Coupled Ocean-Ecosystem Model of the Ross Sea. Part 1: Interannual Variability of Primary Production and Phytoplankton Community StructureDenise L. Worthen and Kevin R. Arrigo 93The Influence of Sea Ice on Ross Sea Biogeochemical ProcessesMichael P. Lizotte 107Section 3: Dissolved Organic Matter and Microbial Dynamics in the Ross SeaThe Contribution of Dissolved Organic Carbon and Nitrogen to the Biogeochemistry of the Ross SeaCraig A. Carlson and Dennis A. Hansell 123Seasonal Production and Bacterial Utilization of DOC in the Ross Sea, AntarcticaHugh W Ducklow 143Section 4: Nutrient DynamicsEffects of Ammonium on Nitrate Utilization in the Ross Sea, Antarctica: Implications forf-ratio EstimatesWilliam P. Cochlan and Deborah A. Bronk 159Non-Redfield Production and Export of Marine Organic Matter: A Recurrent Part of the Annual Cycle inthe Ross Sea, AntarcticaRobert B. Dunbar, Kevin R. Arrigo, Michael Lutz, Giacomo R. DiTullio, Amy R. Leventer,Michael P. Lizotte, Michael P. Van Woert, and Dale H. Robinson 179Effects of Assemblage Composition on the Temporal Dynamics of Carbon and Nitrogen Uptakein the Ross SeaWalker O. Smith, Jr. and Christina M. van Hilst 197Flavodoxin as a Diagnostic Indicator of Chronic Iron Limitation in the Ross Sea and New Zealand Sector of the Southern OceanJennifer M. Maucher and Giacomo R. DiTullio 209Section 5: Particulate Fluxes in the Ross SeaRapid Sinking of Biogenic Material During the Late Austral Summer in the Ross Sea, AntarcticaLeonardo Langone, Robert B. Dunbar, David A. Mucciarone, Mariangela Ravaioli, Roberto Meloni,and Charles A. Nittrouer 221The Distribution of Particulate Organic Carbon and Its Dynamics in the Southern Ross SeaVernon L. Asper and Walker O. Smith, Jr. 235Larger Microplankton in the Ross Sea: Abundance, Biomass and Flux in the Austral SummerMarcia M. Gowing and David L. Garrison 243Annual Sedimentation Pattern of Zooplankton Fecal Pellets in the Southern Ross Sea: What Food Webs and Processes Does the Record Imply?Alessandra Accornero and Marcia M. Gowing 261Section 6: Non-conservative Tracers and Biogenic GasesDimethylsulfide Dynamics in the Ross Sea During Austral SummerGiacomo R. DiTullio, David R. Jones, and Mark E. Geesey 279The Annual Cycle of Surface Water C02 and 02 in the Ross Sea: A Model for Gas Exchange on the Continental Shelves of AntarcticaColm Sweeney 295Section 7: Benthic-Pelagic Coupling in the Ross SeaBenthic Carbon Cycling in the Ross Sea Polynya, Antarctica: Benthic Community Metabolism and Sediment TracersJacqueline M. Grebmeier, Giacomo R. DiTullio, James P. Barry, and Lee W. Cooper 313Oceanographic Versus Seafloor-Habitat Control of Benthic Megafaunal Communities in the S.W. Ross Sea, AntarcticaJames P. Barry, Jacqueline M. Grebmeier, James Smith, and Robert B. Dunbar 327Biogeochemistry of the Ross Sea—A SummaryGiacomo R. DiTullio and Robert B. Dunbar 355