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The Baltic Crusades in the thirteenth century led to the creation of the medieval Livonia. But what happened after the conquest? The contributors to this volume analyse the cultural, societal, economic and technological changes in the Baltic Sea region c. 1200–1350. The chapters focus on innovations and long-term developments which were important in integrating the area into medieval European society more broadly, while also questioning the traditional divide of the Livonian post-crusade society into native victims and foreign victors. The process of multilateral negotiations and adaptions created a synthesis which was not necessarily an outcome of the wars but also a manifestation of universal innovation processes in northern Europe.Contributors are Arvi Haak, Tõnno Jonuks, Kristjan Kaljusaar, Ivar Leimus, Christian Lübke, Madis Maasing, Mihkel Mäesalu, Anti Selart, Vija Stikāne, and Andres Tvauri.
Anti Selart, Ph.D. (2002), is professor of medieval history at the University of Tartu, Estonia. His primary research fields are in the history of medieval Livonia and the Baltic Sea region, including the Northern Crusades and topics related to ecclesiastical history and interconfessional relations in medieval and sixteenth-century East Central Europe.
PrefaceList of IllustrationsNotes on Contributors1 Life in Livonia: After the Crusades IntroductionAnti Selart2 Domesticating Europe – Novel Cultural Influences in the Late Iron Age Eastern BalticTõnno Jonuks3 Exploiting the Conquerors Socio-political Strategies of Estonian Elites During the Crusades and Christianisation, 1200–1300Kristjan Kaljusaar4 Livonian Economic Resources, 1200–1350 Redistribution and ExpansionAnti Selart5 Missed Patronage? Princely Support for Church Institutions and Military Religious Orders in LivoniaMihkel Mäesalu6 From Prehistory to History Money in Livonia in the Thirteenth CenturyIvar Leimus7 The Legal Status of Women in Livonia, 1200–1400Vija Stikāne8 ‘Local’ Characteristics of the Medieval Livonian TownArvi Haak9 Advancement of Craftsmanship and Manufacturing in Medieval LivoniaAndres Tvauri10 The Formation, Establishment, and Personal Networks of Livonian Cathedral Chapters, 1190–1350Madis Maasing11 Changing Aliens, Changing Natives: Baltic Crusades and Societal Innovation in Medieval Livonia ConclusionChristian LübkeIndex