'The idea of a framework for ’reasonable balancings’ of competing but not incompatible ways of stating, interpreting, and applying the principles of justice is probably Ville Päivänsalo's main, and most original, contribution to the ongoing discussion of Rawls's theory of justice. The reasonable balancing Ville Päivänsalo has in view is an ongoing project, subject to periodic adjustments and conducted by thoughtful persons. It is not a static, ’once for all’ thing. It is, in his account, a balancing that is "internal" (based on values and norms internal to Rawls’s own perspective), ’critical’ (taking account of and accommodating, so much as possible, persistent and well-conceived criticisms of Rawls’s theory), and "inclusive" (taking on board, in an integrated and principled fashion, many of Rawls’s proposals -- but quite consciously going beyond them).' Rex Martin, University of Kansas USA and Cardiff University, UK