Edited by Taina Pihlajarinne, Professor of Copyright Law and Anette Alén-Savikko, Faculty of Law, University of Helsinki, Finland

• ContentsList of contributors viiIntroduction to Artificial Intelligence and the Media 1Taina Pihlajarinne and Anette Alén-SavikkoPART I JOURNALISTIC PRINCIPLES ANDARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE1 Bias, journalistic endeavours, and the risks of artificialintelligence 8M.R. Leiser2 Transparency in algorithmic journalism: from ethics to lawand back 33Anette Alén-Savikko3 The journalistic exemption in personal data processing 61Päivi KorpisaariPART II TRUST, DISINFORMATION AND PLATFORMS4 Social media platforms as public trustees: an approach tothe disinformation problem 93Philip M. Napoli and Fabienne Graf5 Artificial intelligence is not a panacea: policing content onsocial media platforms, three dilemmas and their ethicaland legal implications 123Jingrong Tong6 The commercial unfairness of recommender systems onsocial media 148Catalina Goanta and Gerasimos SpanakisPART III REMITS AND LIMITS OF EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS7 Creations caused by humans (or robots)? Artificialintelligence and causation requirements for copyrightprotection in EU law 172Ole-Andreas Rognstad8 Artificial intelligence and intellectual property rights: thequest or plea for artificial intelligence as a legal subject 192Rosa Maria Ballardini and Robert van den Hoven vanGenderen9 The European copyright system as a suitable incentive forAI-based journalism? 215Taina Pihlajarinne, Alexander Thesleff, Leo Leppänenand Sini Valmari10 Press publishers’ right and artificial intelligence 240Juha Vesala11 Access to data for training algorithms in machine learning:copyright law and ‘right-stacking’ 272Inger B. ØrstavikConclusions on Artificial Intelligence and the Media 296Taina Pihlajarinne and Anette Alén-SavikkoIndex 300

‘Artificial Intelligence and the Media is an urgently needed contribution to the research on AI and its impacts. While much of the scholarship so far has been field-specific, what makes this volume especially poignant is its multidisciplinary approach to the questions about the roles AI can play for media industries but also for media consumers and users as citizens, and to democracy as a whole.’