Applied Geotechnics for Construction Projects, Volume 2

Ammar Dhouib, Doctor of Civil Engineering specializing in soil mechanics, is a lecturer and professor of geotechnics at Polytech Sorbonne University, Paris, France. He is also a geotechnical expert at the VINCI construction group and a justice expert at the Court of Appeal in Versailles. His research interests focus on geotechnics, and he has authored or co-authored five books on this topic.

• Foreword ixPhilippe GUILLERMAIN† and François SCHLOSSEREntrepreneur's Tribune: Geotechnics is at the Heart of Our Projects xiPascal LEMOINE and Eric DURANDPreface xiiiAcknowledgments xixSymbols and Notations xxiIntroduction lvChapter 1. Soil Hydraulics: On-Site Water Tests 11.1. Water in the soil: basics 11.1.1. General assumptions: water continuity condition in soil 11.1.2. Water velocity in soil 21.2. Darcy's law 41.2.1. Head of water 41.2.2. Hydraulic gradient 51.3. Generalization to flow networks 71.3.1. Three-dimensional medium: Laplace equation 71.3.2. Two-dimensional flow 81.4. Flow forces 101.4.1. Determination of flow forces 101.4.2. Critical gradient: boiling phenomenon 111.4.3. Role of pore pressures in soil 121.5. On-site measurement of soil permeabilities 131.5.1. Pumping test 141.5.2. Lefranc-type local permeability test 201.5.3. Lugeon tests: experimental analysis and practical interpretation 271.5.4. General conclusion 331.6. Practical applications 341.6.1. Interpretation of an actual pumping test 341.6.2. Interpretation of a real Lefranc-type test 381.6.3. Practical application of a Lugeon test 431.6.4. Experimental data: permeability of soils 441.6.5. Soil water level measurements: piezometers 471.6.6. Micro-reel permeability measurements 471.7. References 48Chapter 2. Fundamental Principles of Soil Mechanics 512.1. Short-term and long-term soil behaviors 512.1.1. Concepts of short-term and long-term 512.1.2. Concepts of soil friction and cohesion 522.2. Soil consolidation and settlement 562.2.1. Preamble 562.2.2. Mechanical analogy 572.2.3. Oedometer tests 602.2.4. Terzaghi consolidation theory 652.2.5. Practical correlations between compressibility and creep parameters 762.3. Shear strength of soil 762.3.1. Preamble 762.3.2. Shear strength of granular soil 792.3.3. Shear strength of fine soil 802.3.4. Residual shear strength of soil 852.3.5. Corresponding states theorem 852.4. Swelling-shrinkage of clay soil 882.4.1. Preamble 882.4.2. Swelling-shrinkage mechanism 882.4.3. Geotechnical survey and diagnosis methodology 892.4.4. In the event of damage due to draught: structural solutions 952.5. Slope stability 992.5.1. Preamble 992.5.2. Landslide modes and their origins 1002.5.3. Failure mechanisms 1022.5.4. Stability calculation approaches 1092.5.5. Studies and practical calculations of stability 1142.5.6. Solutions for improving stability by water evacuation 1162.6. Conventional safety coefficients 1172.6.1. Definition of safety coefficient 1172.6.2. Conventional values 1182.7. Applications 1222.7.1. Study of an embankment on soft soil: calculation of bearing capacity and settlements 1222.7.2. Analysis of damage to a pavilion due to the swelling/shrinkage of clay 1222.7.3. Parametric study of typical case stability 1242.7.4. Correlations between compressibility parameters and test validity 1272.7.5. Correlations between shear parameters 1382.8. References 150Chapter 3. Geotechnical Expertise 1553.1. Preamble 1553.2. Expertise on actual project cases 1563.2.1. Housing project 1573.2.2. Hospital center project 1613.2.3. The issue of water 1653.2.4. Predictions and measurements of the settlements of a thick raft of an HRB tower 1703.2.5. Failure in a nailed wall of a motorway structure 1783.3. Judicial expertise 1833.3.1. Judicial expertise and the justice expert 1833.3.2. Some cases of judicial expertise 1863.4. Examples of rehabilitation (load balance) 2113.4.1. Rehabilitation of a building on isolated footing 2123.4.2. Rehabilitation of building on piles 2133.5. Conclusion 2163.6. References 218French, European and ISO Standards in the Field of Geotechnics 221Index 253Summaries of Other Volumes 257