An Illustrated Guide to Cancer Biology

Tomas Koltai is Board Certified Specialist in Medical Oncology (1985), PhD in Chemistry (1997) and Master’s in Sciences in Molecular Oncology, University of Buenos Aires (2011). He has vast experience on cancer treatment at several positions: staff oncologist, Sanatorio Mater Dei, Argentina (1985-1990); Head of Oncology, Central Hospital of the Centro Gallego de Buenos Aires (1990-2000) and Medical Director, at the same institution (2000-2002); Head of the Department of Chemotherapy, National Social Services for Retirees, Argentina (2002-2014); Head of the Department of Oncology, Social Services of the National Food Workers Union, Argentina (2010-2014) and Medical Director at the same institution (2014-2016). He has authored several seminal publications on cancer and created the new “triple-edged cancer treatment”. Research in Dr. Fliegel’s laboratory investigates membrane proteins’ function, how intracellular pH is regulated and the role of Na+/H+ exchanger in human disease, especially heart disease and breast cancer. The work was funded by CIHR and other sources. Dr. Fliegel has published over 150 publications in numerous journals including J. Biological Chemistry, J. Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, Hypertension, Cancer Research, Basic Research in Cardiology and others. He has authored two books and served on several editorial boards of Journals and grant panels such as CIHR. His awards include a Killam Annual Professor Award (2009-10), a Tier one Basic Science Mentoring Award (2013), McCalla Research Professorship Award (2007) and Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research Scientist Award (2006-2013).

• 1. Introduction2. Basics of oncological molecular biologyPART I3. Basics of oncological molecular biologyPART II: JUNK DNA AND CANCER: POSSIBLE ROLE OF TRANSPOSONS.4. Basics of oncological molecular biologyPart 3: THE LABORATORY IN MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY. A SYNOPSIS OF THE MOST IMPORTANT TOOLS5. Basics of oncological molecular biologyPART 4: SOME BASIC DEFINITIONS6. The Hanahan and Weinberg hallmarks of cancer7. Biology of metastasis8. Mitotic errors, mutations and DNA repair9. Growth factors, their receptors and proliferative pathways10. Angiogenesis11. Hypoxia in cancer12. The Unique Metabolism of Cancer Cells - Part 1: Carbohydrates13. The Unique Metabolism of Cancer Cells - Part 2:14. The Unique Metabolism of Cancer Cells - Part 3:15. The Unique Metabolism of Cancer Cells - Part 4: Iron metabolism in cancer16. Molecular mechanisms of action of chemotherapeutic drugs17. ROS and cancer18. Targeted Cancer Treatments - Part I19. Targeted Cancer Treatments - Part II: Antibody Drug Conjugates for cancer treatment: present and future20. Cancer and the immune system - Part I21. Cancer and the immune system - Part II22. Cancer and the immune system - Part III: Some caveats about immunology and cancer. A historical and clinical perspective23. The tumor microenvironment - Part I: Cancer environment and Groucho Marx’s principles24. The tumor microenvironment - Part II: CELLS IN THE TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT25. The tumor microenvironment - Part III: Non-cellular components of the tumor microenvironment26. The tumor microenvironment – Part IV: Adhesion molecules27. The tumor microenvironment - Part V: Cytokines28. The tumor microenvironment - Part VI: Chemokines in the TME29. Tumor heterogeneity: A different way of looking at cancer30. Resistance to treatment and multidrug resistance (MDR)31. Pancreatic cancer: a paradigm of difficulties and drug resistance32. Cancer cachexia33. Tumor markers34. The origins and pathogenesis of cancer35. Extracellular vesicles: Exosomes and microvesicles in cancer. A message in a bottle.36. Cancer stem cells37. Repurposing drugs and nutraceuticals for cancer treatment - PART 1: General Concept38. Repurposing drugs and nutraceuticals for cancer treatment - PART 2: Repurposable Drugs39. Repurposing drugs and nutraceuticals for cancer treatment - PART 3 Repurposing Metformin40. Repurposing drugs and nutraceuticals for cancer treatment - PART 4 Repurposable Nutraceuticals41. The metabolic control center: a survival hub for normal and cancer cells42. pH homeostasis and ion channels in cancer43. Tumor growth and genetic evolution - Part I: Tumor growth and kinetics44. Protein degradation in cancer - Part 145. Protein degradation in cancer - Part II : The unfold protein response (UPR)46. Cell migration in cancer - Part I: mechanisms of migration and invasion47. Cell migration in cancer - Part II: Targeting cancer cell migration and invasion48. Cell migration in cancer - Part III: The “go or grow” hypothesis and some caveats49. RNA in cancer - Part I: MicroRNAs MiRs or miRNAs50. RNA in cancer - Part II: Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)51. RNA in cancer - Part III: RNA binding proteins (RBPs)52. Epigenetics and cancer53. Peroxisome, peroxisome proliferators and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in cancer54. The renin-angiotensin system signaling pathways and cancer: two sides of the same coin55. Hormone-dependent cancer56. Chapter 34 Part 1: Cancer and inflammation57. Chapter 34 part 2: Links between inflammation and cancer58. Chapter 34 part 3: Caveats about anti-inflammatory drugs and cancer59. Summary and final words