Abdominal X-rays for Medical Students

Häftad, Engelska, 2015

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Highly Commended at the British Medical Association Book Awards 2016Abdominal X-rays for Medical Students is a comprehensive resource offering guidance on reading, presenting and interpreting abdominal radiographs. Suitable for medical students, junior doctors, nurses and trainee radiographers, this brand new title is clearly illustrated using a unique colour overlay system to present the main pathologies and to highlight the abnormalities in abdomen x-rays.Abdominal X-rays for Medical Students: Covers the key knowledge and skills necessary for practical useProvides an effective and memorable way to analyse and present abdominal radiographs - the unique 'ABCDE' system as developed by the authorsPresents each radiograph twice, side by side: the first as seen in the clinical setting, and the second with the pathology clearly highlightedIncludes self-assessment to test knowledge and presentation techniqueWith a systematic approach covering both the analysis of radiographs and next steps mirroring the clinical setting and context, Abdominal X-rays for Medical Students is a succinct and up-to-date overview of the principles and practice of this important topic.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum2015-05-01
Mått215 x 280 x 8 mm
Vikt386 g
FormatHäftad
SpråkEngelska
Antal sidor128
FörlagJohn Wiley and Sons Ltd
ISBN9781118600559
UtmärkelserCommended for Highly Commended by the BMA (Radiology) 2016 (UK)

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Preface viiAcknowledgements viiiLearning objectives checklistixPart 1 About X‐rays 1What are X‐rays? 1How are X‐rays produced? 1How do X‐rays make an image? 2How are X‐ray images (radiographs) stored? 3Radiation hazards 3The Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations 3In women of reproductive age 3Indications for an abdominal X‐ray 4Abdominal X‐ray views 5AP Supine abdominal X‐ray 5Other views 5Radiograph quality 6Inclusion 6Exposure 6Normal anatomy on an abdominal X‐ray 8Right and left (Figure 7) 8Quadrants and regions (Figure 8) 8Abdominal viscera 1 (Figure 9) 8Abdominal viscera 2 (Figure 10) 9Skeletal structures (Figure 11) 10Pelvis (Figure 12) 10Lung bases (may be visualised at the top of the abdomen) (Figure 13) 11Bowel 1 (Figure 14) 11Bowel 2 (Figure 15) 12Presenting an abdominal radiograph 14Be systematic! 14Part 2 Overview of the ABCDE of abdominal radiographs 15A – Air in the wrong place 16Pneumoperitoneum (gas in the peritoneal cavity) 21Pneumoretroperitoneum (gas in the retroperitoneal space) 26Pneumobilia (gas in the biliary tree) 28Portal venous gas (gas in the portal vein) 29B – Bowel 17Dilated small bowel 30Dilated large bowel 34Volvulus 37Dilated stomach 40Hernia 41Bowel wall inflammation 43Faecal loading 48Faecal impaction 49C – Calcification 18Gallstones in the gallbladder (cholelithiasis) 50Renal stones (urolithiasis) 53Bladder stones 56Nephrocalcinosis 57Pancreatic calcification 58Adrenal calcification 59Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) calcification 60Fetus 62Calcified structures of little clinical significance 63Calcified costal cartilage 63Phleboliths (‘vein stones’) 63Calcified mesenteric lymph nodes 64Calcified uterine fibroids 65Prostate calcification 65Abdominal aortic calcification (normal calibre) 66Splenic artery calcification 66D – Disability (bones and solid organs) 19Pelvic fractures – 3 Polo rings test 67Sclerotic and lucent bone lesions 68Spine pathology 69Solid organ enlargement 71E – Everything else 20Medical and surgical objects (iatrogenic) 73Surgical clips/staples/sutures 73Urinary catheter 75Supra‐pubic catheter 75Nasogastric (NG) and nasojejunal (NJ) tubes 76Flatus tube 77Surgical drain 78Nephrostomy catheter 78Peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter 79Gastric band device 79Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG)/ radiologically inserted gastrostomy (RIG) 80Stoma bag 80Stents 81Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter 84Intra‐uterine device (IUD) 85Pessary 85Foreign bodies 86Retained surgical swab 86Swallowed objects 87Objects inserted per-rectum (PR) 88Clothing artefact 90Piercings 90Body packer 91Lung bases 93Self-assessment questions 94Self-assessment answers 99Glossary 107Index 112