Vulnerability of Land Systems in Asia
Inbunden, Engelska, 2014
1 859 kr
Beställningsvara. Skickas inom 11-20 vardagar. Fri frakt för medlemmar vid köp för minst 249 kr.
This book provides a comprehensive yet accessible overview of land systems vulnerability assessment in Asia - fundamental to the understanding of the link between global change, environmental sustainability and human wellbeing. The extent and intensity of human interactions with the environment have increased spectacularly since the Industrial Revolution. Thus, the global change research community and development practitioners increasingly recognize the need to address the adverse consequences of changes taking place in the structure and function of the biosphere and the implications for society. With a focus on Asia, this book provides an overview of the vulnerability of land systems and the subsequent multiple stressors in this region. The book offers a discussion surrounding the potential causal processes that affect land systems vulnerability and our capacity to cope with different perturbations. It also identifies factors that help to integrate vulnerability assessment into policy and decision-making. • Addresses the complex issues arising from human–environment interactions that cannot be satisfactorily dealt with by core disciplinary methods alone. • Key coverage of a variety of topics from the vulnerability of smallholder agriculture and urban systems to the impact of socioeconomic processes at the sub-regional level. • Coverage of the causal processes that affect land systems vulnerability and capacity to cope with different perturbations are documented. • Focus on integrating vulnerability assessment into policies and decision-making• Includes contributions from leading academics in the field.
Produktinformation
- Utgivningsdatum2014-11-14
- Mått175 x 251 x 22 mm
- Vikt862 g
- FormatInbunden
- SpråkEngelska
- Antal sidor368
- FörlagJohn Wiley and Sons Ltd
- ISBN9781118854952
Tillhör följande kategorier
Dr Ademola K. BraimohSenior Natural Resources Management Specialist, The World BankProf. He Qing HuangInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Editors’ Introductions xiii List of Contributors xvPreface xix1 Land Systems Vulnerability 1Ademola K. Braimoh and He Qing Huang1.1 Introduction 11.2 Overview of the book 3Acknowledgements 5References 5Part I Hazards and Vulnerability2 Drought and Extreme Climate Stress on Human-Environment Systems in the Gobi Desert Mongolia 11Troy Sternberg2.1 Introduction 112.1.1 Social ecological systems 122.1.2 Mongolian rangelands 132.2 Methods 142.2.1 Study area 142.2.2 Methodology 142.3 Results 152.3.1 Spatial continuity of droughts 152.3.2 Dzud of 1999–2001 162.3.3 Dzud and drought: non-drought years 172.4 Discussion 192.4.1 Resilience 202.5 Conclusion 22Acknowledgements 22References 223 Vulnerability and Resilience of the Mongolian Pastoral Social-Ecological Systems to Multiple Stressors 27Dennis Ojima, Togtokh Chuluun and Myagmarsuren Altanbagana3.1 Introduction 273.2 The current situation 293.2.1 Climate conditions 293.2.2 Water resources 303.2.3 The nomadic system 313.2.4 Livestock changes 313.3 Analysis of vulnerability of critical ecosystem services 323.3.1 Vulnerability index of pastoral systems 323.3.2 Integrated zud index 323.3.3 Rangeland use index 333.3.4 Assessment of rangeland vulnerability to climate and land-use changes 343.4 Coping scenarios 343.5 Summary and conclusion 373.5.1 A win-win model 38Acknowledgements 38References 394 Vulnerability of Pastoral Communities in Central Mongolia to Climate and Land-Use Changes 41T. Chuluun, M. Altanbagana, S. Davaanyam, B. Tserenchunt and D. Ojima4.1 Introduction 414.2 Study sites and methodology 434.3 Research results 454.4 The results of a social survey related to the ‘dryland development paradigm’ 464.5 Pastoral social-ecological scenarios 494.6 Policy-related social survey 564.7 Discussion 594.8 Conclusion 60Acknowledgements 61References 615 Vulnerability Assessment Diagram: A Case Study on Drought in Middle Inner Mongolia, China 63Xiaoqian Liu, He Yin and Ademola K. Braimoh5.1 Introduction 635.2 An integrated diagram for vulnerability assessment: the VSD model 645.3 Case study using the VSD model 665.3.1 The study area 665.3.2 Vulnerability profile at the county level 675.4 Results and discussion 695.4.1 Relative impact of the components on the vulnerability index 695.4.2 Model calibration 715.5 Conclusion 72References 746 Vulnerability of Agriculture to Climate Change in Arid Regions: a Case Study of Western Rajasthan, India 77R.B. Singh and Ajay Kumar6.1 Introduction 776.2 Climate change scenarios: global, national and local levels 786.3 Study area 806.4 Research methodology 806.5 Results and discussions 826.5.1 Climate variability 826.5.2 Vulnerability assessment 826.5.3 Vulnerability 866.6 Conclusion 89References 897 Dendrogeomorphological and Sedimentological Analysis of Debris Flow Hazards in the Northern Zailiiskiy Alatau, Tien Shan Mountains, Kazakhstan 91Vanessa Winchester, David G. Passmore, Stephan Harrison, Alaric Rae, Igor Severskiy and Nina V. Pimankina7.1 Introduction 917.2 Study area 937.3 Methods and materials 937.3.1 Geomorphology and sedimentology 937.3.2 Archive datasets 967.3.3 Dendrogeomorphology 967.3.4 Cross-dating, reference series identification and skeleton plotting 967.3.5 Seedling establishment, growth rates below coring height and earthquakes 997.4 Results 1007.4.1 Growth rate and establishment periods 1007.4.2 Kumbelsu Creek 1027.4.3 Sedimentology, geomorphology and dating of fluvial terraces, fans and debris flows in the Ozernaya valley 1027.4.4 Debris flow events in the Ozernaya Valley and archival records 1047.5 Discussion 1077.6 Conclusions 110Acknowledgements 111References 111Part II Land-use Change: Modelling and Impact Assessment8 Regional Scenarios and Simulated Land-Cover Changes in Montane Mainland Southeast Asia 117Jefferson Fox, John B. Vogler, Omer L. Sen, Alan L. Ziegler and Thomas W. Giambelluca8.1 Introduction 1178.2 Methods 1198.2.1 Baseline land-cover classification 1208.2.2 CLUE-s model 1218.2.3 Land-cover allocation 1298.3 Results 1298.4 Discussion and conclusions 135Acknowledgements 138References 1389 Land-use Change and its Impacts on Agricultural Productivity in China 143Huimin Yan, He Qing Huang, Xiangzheng Deng and Jiyuan Liu9.1 Introduction 1439.2 Land-use data 1449.3 Methods for estimating changes in agricultural productivity 1459.3.1 NPP estimation with the GLO-PEM model 1459.3.2 Agro-ecological zones (AEZ) model 1469.3.3 Calculating agricultural productivity change caused by land use change 1469.4 Agricultural productivity change caused by cropland transformation 1479.4.1 Cropland transformation 1479.4.2 Contributions of cropland area change to agricultural productivity 1489.4.3 Agricultural productivity change caused by major land use change types 1509.4.4 Changes in potential agricultural productivity due to cropland conversions 1519.5 Summary 152Acknowledgements 152References 15210 Long-Term Land-Cover Change in the Amur River Basin 155Shigeko Haruyama, Yoshitaka Masuda and Akihiko Kondoh10.1 Introduction 15510.2 Outline of study area 15610.3 The dataset 15710.3.1 NOAA/AVHRR PAL dataset 15710.3.2 Statistical materials used in the agricultural and field investigation 15710.4 Method of study 15810.4.1 Analysis of secular variation from 1982 to 2000 15810.5 Results and consideration 15910.5.1 Analysis of secular variation in land cover from 1982 to 2000 15910.5.2 Verification of validity of PAL data analysis 16210.6 Summary 163Acknowledgements 163References 16311 Simulating Land-use Change in China from a Global Perspective 165Xuefeng Cui, Mark Rounsevell, Yuan Jiang, Muyi Kang, Paul Palmer, Wen Chen and Terence Dawson11.1 Introduction 16511.2 Land use in China 16611.3 Global perspectives 16811.4 Model and data 17011.5 Model results 17111.5.1 Historical simulation 17111.5.2 Future ‘business as usual’ scenario 17311.6 Discussion and conclusions 176Acknowledgements 176References 17612 Sustainable Land Use Planning in West Asia Using MicroLEIS Decision Support Systems 179Farzin Shahbazi, Maria Anaya-Romero, Ademola K. Braimoh and Diego De la Rosa12.1 Introduction 17912.2 Materials and methods 18112.2.1 Study area 18112.2.2 Climate 18112.2.3 Benchmark soils 18112.2.4 The MicroLEIS technology 18312.3 Modelling with MicroLEIS in the Ahar region 18512.3.1 Arable land identification 18512.3.2 Semi-natural habitats 18612.3.3 Crop diversification 18712.3.4 Soil productivity capability evaluation 19012.3.5 Soil fertility capability evaluation 19112.4 Conclusions 191Acknowledgements 193References 19313 Impacts of Agricultural Land Change on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services in Kahayan Watershed, Central Kalimantan 195J.S. Rahajoe, L. Alhamd, E.B. Walujo, H.S. Limin, M.S. Suneetha, A.K. Braimoh and T. Kohyama13.1 Introduction 19513.2 Study locations and methods 19713.2.1 Study sites: Bawan village, Central Kalimantan 19713.2.2 Participatory rural appraisal 20013.3 Results and discussion 20013.3.1 Current status of the Kahayan watershed 20013.3.2 Biodiversity and forest products in Bawan village 20113.3.3 Ecosystem services in Bawan village 20613.3.4 Rubber plantations in Bawan village 20613.3.5 Changes in farming systems and agricultural produce 21013.4 Conclusion 212Acknowledgements 212References 21214 Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Urban Structure in Shanghai 215Wenze Yue, Peilei Fan and Jiaguo Qi14.1 Introduction 21514.2 Theoretical framework, study area, data, and methodology 21614.2.1 Theoretical framework 21614.2.2 Study area 21814.2.3 Data and methodology 21914.3 Findings 21914.3.1 Urban evolution of Shanghai 21914.3.2 Urban transformation at the district level 22214.4 Discussion 22614.4.1 Economic restructuring and globalization 22714.4.2 Changing population profile and impact on the housing market 22814.4.3 The role of the multi-scaled state 22914.5 Conclusion 230Acknowledgements 232References 232Part III Institutions15 Governing Ecosystem Services from Upland Watersheds in Southeast Asia 237Louis Lebel and Rajesh Daniel15.1 Introduction 23715.2 Plans 23815.2.1 Protected areas 23815.2.2 Forest and watershed classifications 23915.2.3 Participatory land-use planning 24115.3 Rules 24215.3.1 Property rights and land tenure 24215.3.2 Community-based management 24315.3.3 Logging concessions 24415.3.4 Logging bans 24515.4 Incentives 24615.4.1 Payments for ecosystem services 24615.4.2 Certification 24815.5 Information 24915.6 Discussion 25015.7 Conclusions 252Acknowledgements 253References 25316 Socio-Economic Impacts of a Wetland Restoration Program in China’s Poyang Lake Region 261Fen Li, Lin Zhen, He Qing Huang, Yunjie Wei, Li Yang and Sandra Uthes16.1 Introduction 26116.2 Study area 26316.2.1 Background 26316.3 Methods 26416.3.1 Analysis of land use and economic data 26416.3.2 Stakeholder analysis 26416.3.3 Household surveys 26516.3.4 Farmers’ willingness to accept eco-compensation (WTA) 26516.3.5 Estimation of the eco-compensation burden of the local governments 26616.4 Results 26716.4.1 Land use changes 26716.4.2 Changes in the economic structure 26816.4.3 Stakeholder groups 26916.4.4 Farmers’ willingness to accept eco-compensation 27016.4.5 Eco-compensation burden of the local governments 27216.5 Discussion 27216.6 Conclusions 274Acknowledgements 275References 27517 China’s Sloping Land Conversion Program: Are the Farmers Paid Enough? 277Shubhechchha Thapa, Xing Lu and Ademola K. Braimoh17.1 Introduction 27717.2 The study area 27817.3 Data sources and analysis 27917.4 Results and discussion 28017.4.1 Quantitative data on land-cover change 28017.4.2 Carbon dynamics in the landscape 28117.4.3 Landscape value 28117.5 Conclusion 282References 28318 Community-Based Peatland Management for Greenhouse Gas Reduction Based on Fire-Free Land Preparation 285Bambang Hero Saharjo18.1 Introduction 28518.2 Greenhouse gas emissions 28618.2.1 Southeast Asian greenhouse gases emissions 28618.2.2 Indonesian greenhouse gas emissions 28718.3 The current Indonesian forest fire situation 28918.4 Greenhouse gas emissions reduction 29018.4.1 Smoke management 29018.4.2 Greenhouse gas emission reduction through land preparation without fire: an example from the community 29118.4.3 Peatland management and restoration of organic soils 29518.5 Conclusion 295Acknowledgements 295References 29619 Structuring Climate Finance for Adaptation Measures in Vulnerable Ecosystems: Lessons from India 297A. Damodaran19.1 Introduction 29719.2 Approach 29819.3 Methodology of field studies 29819.4 Co-benefits approach to adaptation financing and equity 29919.5 Adaptation gradients 30119.6 Adaptation possibility trends for agro and coastal ecosystems: preliminary assessment 30219.7 Financing systems for adaptation to climate change 30319.8 Evidence from the study area 30619.9 Lessons and implications: summing up 307References 30820 Scientific Uncertainty and Policy Making: How can Communications Contribute to a Better Marriage in the Global Change Arena? 311Gabriela Litre20.1 A case study: the establishment of marine reserves off the Californian coast 31220.2 A matter of trust 31320.3 Communicating scientific uncertainty 31520.3.1 Quantifying uncertainties 31520.3.2 Communicating the quantified uncertainties 31620.4 The need for a new language 31620.5 Changing worlds 31720.6 A learning experience 318Acknowledgements 319References 31921 Planning for Resilience: the Quest for Learning and Adaptation 323Fernando Teigao dos Santos21.1 Introductory insights 32321.2 The global ‘carousel’ context 32421.3 Looking at the resilience framework 32521.4 Planning for resilience 32821.5 ‘Command-and-control’ vs ‘learning-and-adaptation’ 32921.6 The strategic SPARK example 33121.7 Final considerations 332Acknowledgements 333References 33322 Conclusion 337He Qing Huang and Ademola K. Braimoh22.1 Improving understanding in areas lacking data 33722.2 Highlighting the effects of scale 33922.3 Validating the conceptual framework for vulnerability assessment 33922.4 Land system vulnerability in other parts of the world 33922.5 Roads ahead 34022.6 Final remarks 341References 341Index 343