This timely and challenging book by Borbieva (Purdue Univ., Fort Wayne) asks readers to consider how debates over the nature of culture have determined anthropological thinking about the politics of development in Central Asia. Borbieva focuses on what she terms "culture matters thinking" (CMT), an approach suggesting that cultures are homogeneous and that a culture's sociopolitical future is largely based on its dominant values. Her extensive experience in the development field in Kyrgyzstan, coupled with her evident affection for and understanding of the country and its people, makes this a powerful and important book for understanding the impact of external opinions and philosophies on society. The first two chapters present a description of Central Asia and the author's own experiences of the region. Chapters 3 and 4 address the nature and implication of CMT, while chapter 5 discusses various theoretical approaches to culture. Chapter 6 offers an ethnographic account of Kyrgyzstan's 2005 election. Both the conclusion and the afterword challenge the reader to reconsider aspects of cultural anthropology and human development. . . this book is well researched and intellectually enjoyable.Summing Up: Recommended. Graduate students, faculty, and professionals.