Urban Sprawl in Europe

Chris Couch is Professor of Urban Planning; and Head of Planning and Housing Studies – Liverpool John Mores UniversityDr Lila Leontidou is a Professor of Geography - Hellenic Open University and University of the Aegean Dr Gerhard Petschel-Held was formerly based at the Institute of the Sociology of Spatial Planning - Vienna University of Technology

• Contributors xiiiPreface xviiAcknowledgments xxPart I Theory and Method 11 Introduction: Definitions, Theories and Methods of Comparative Analysis 3Chris Couch, Lila Leontidou and Karl-Olov ArnstbergBackground 3The origins of suburbia and urban sprawl in Europe and the USA 6Some differences between Europe and the USA 15The development of theory and policy in Europe 20Methodology 28The structure of the book 32Note 34References 342 Sprawl in European Cities: The Comparative Background 39Diana Reckien and Jay KarechaUrban trends in Europe 39Urban trends in the case study cities 45Conclusions 64Appendix: Patterns of growth and sprawl across European cities 65References 67Part II Types of Urban Sprawl in Europe 693 Infrastructure-related Urban Sprawl: Mega-events and Hybrid Peri-urban Landscapes in Southern Europe 71Lila Leontidou, Alex Afouxenidis, Elias Kourliouros and Emmanuel MarmarasIntroduction: theory and method 71‘Astyphilia’ and popular spontaneous suburbanisation until the 1970s 73Modernism and urban land policy after EU accession 80Toward the entrepreneurial city and post-Olympic landscapes 87Mega-events and Mediterranean urban futures 94Notes 96References 984 Sprawl in the Post-Socialist City: The Changing Economic and Institutional Context of Central and Eastern European Cities 102Nataša Pichler-Milanovic, Ma³gorzata Gutry-Korycka and Dieter RinkSocialist cities in Central and Eastern Europe 102Transition reforms in Central and Eastern Europe 104The patterns of urban sprawl in post-socialist cities 108The causes of urban sprawl in the post-socialist cities 114The consequences of urban sprawl in post-socialist cities 121Policy responses 127Conclusions: what is needed for ‘sustainable’ sprawl in post-socialist cities? 130Notes 133References 1335 Decline and Sprawl: Urban Sprawl is not Confined to Expanding City Regions 136Henning Nuissl, Dieter Rink, Chris Couch and Jay KarechaSprawl in the context of urban decline 136Trends in urban sprawl in Britain and Germany 138The two cases 141Comparisons between Liverpool and Leipzig 150Conclusions 156Notes 160References 1606 No Place Like Second Home: Weekends, Holidays, Retirement and Urban Sprawl 163Karl-Olov Arnstberg and Inger BergstromThe largest industry in the world 163A short history of the summerhouse 165The summers of my childhood 165Two homes 167Making and maintaining roots 169Recreation, retirement …and investment 170Retreat to a loved place 171Varmdo, a sprawled community in the Stockholm region 173References 180Part III Models, Urban Policy and Sustainability 1817 Modelling Urban Sprawl: Actors and Mathematics 183Matthias Ludeke, Diana Reckien and Gerhard Petschel-HeldActors, actor classes and sprawl 184The actor versus the structural perspective on sprawl 187Identifying the feedbacks 190Operationalising the qualitative attractivity migration model 195Validation and future scenarios 196Using a QUAM model for policy analysis 198From general targets to specific policy mechanisms: a model analysis 199Discussion of case specific strategy – suggestions from a QUAM perspective 206Conclusions 211Appendix 213References 2148 Lines of Defence: Policies for the Control of Urban Sprawl 217Henning Nuissl and Chris CouchThe aims of policy 217The mechanisms of policy 218Regulation 220Economic intervention: direct investment, taxation or subsidy 227Institutional change, management and advocacy 229Conclusions 233Notes 238References 2399 Urban Sprawl and Hybrid Cityscapes in Europe: Comparisons, Theory Construction and Conclusions 242Lila Leontidou and Chris Couch‘Urban’, ‘suburban’, ‘post-suburban’, and their in-between spaces 243Deconstructing the dualism of causes/consequences of urban sprawl 244A systematic comparison of city case studies 256Cultures of urbanism and sprawl in Europe 260Hybrid landscapes and questions of sustainability 264Note 265References 265Index 269