In light of the intertwining logics of military competition and economic interdependence at play in US-China relations, Trading with the Enemy examines how the United States has balanced its potentially conflicting national security and economic interests in its relationship with the People's Republic of China (PRC). To do so, Hugo Meijer investigates a strategically sensitive yet under-explored facet of US-China relations: the making of American export control policy on military-related technology transfers to China since 1979. Trading with the Enemy is the first monograph on this dimension of the US-China relationship in the post-Cold War. Based on 199 interviews, declassified documents, and diplomatic cables leaked by Wikileaks, two major findings emerge from this book. First, the US is no longer able to apply a strategy of military/technology containment of China in the same way it did with the Soviet Union during the Cold War. This is because of the erosion of its capacity to restrict the transfer of military-related technology to the PRC. Secondly, a growing number of actors in Washington have reassessed the nexus between national security and economic interests at stake in the US-China relationship by moving beyond the Cold War trade-off between the two in order to maintain American military preeminence vis-à-vis its strategic rivals. By focusing on how states manage the heterogeneous and potentially competing security and economic interests at stake in a bilateral relationship, this book seeks to shed light on the evolving character of interstate rivalry in a globalized economy, where rivals in the military realm are also economically interdependent.
Dr Hugo Meijer (Ph.D., Sciences Po, Paris) is Lecturer in Defense Studies at King's College London, UK. He is also Research Associate at Sciences Po-CERI. Previously, he was postdoctoral research fellow at the Strategic Research Institute of the French Military Academy (IRSEM), France, and Visiting Scholar at the Sigur Center for Asian Studies at George Washington University, USA.
Preface by David LamptonAcknowledgmentsList of Abbreviations Introduction Part I: The Strategic Triangle and US Defense Technology Transfers to the PRC during the Cold WarChapter 1: From the Korean War to Normalization: US Export Controls Prior to 1979Chapter 2: US-China Military Cooperation in the Last Decade of the Cold War Part II: The Legacy of Tiananmen: Technology Controls in the Post-Cold War EraChapter 3: The Rise of China and the Collapse of COCOMChapter 4: Key Actors and Coalitions in the 1990s: The Rise of the Run Faster CoalitionChapter 5: Supercomputers, Telecommunications Equipment, and China's Military ModernizationChapter 6: Chinagate, the Cox Report, and Communications Satellites Part III: China's Military Buildup and Strategic Trade Controls in the 21st CenturyChapter 7: China's Military Modernization and Foreign Defense Technology AcquisitionChapter 8: The People's Liberation Army and Dual-Use Information and Communications TechnologiesChapter 9: Communications Satellites and the China QuagmireChapter 10: The China Rule and the China 'Threat' Conclusion: Beyond Containment: Security and Economics in the US-China Relationship BibliographyIndex
A fascinating sub-story of US-China relations. Despite all of the changes in the relationship, one constant over six-plus decades has been Washington's effort to restrict military-related technology transfers to China through its unilateral and multilateral export control regimes. Hugo Meijer's Trading with the Enemy offers a fine-grained historical accounting of this effort, which is of use to scholars and policymakers alike.