Routledge Handbook of Online Violent Extremism

Suraj Lakhani is an Associate Professor at the University of Sussex, UK. He is co-editor of The Sociology of Violent Extremism (2024).Julian Droogan is Professor of terrorism studies at Macquarie University, Australia, and Head of the School of International Studies. He currently serves as Co-Convenor of the AVERT (Addressing Violent Extremism and Radicalisation to Terrorism) Research Network.Lydia Khalil is a Senior Research Fellow at Deakin University, Australia and the program director for Transnational Challenges at the Lowy Institute. She is author of Rise of the Extreme Right (2022).Stuart Macdonald is Professor of Law at Swansea University, UK, Co-Director of the University’s Cyber Threats Research Centre (CYTREC), and Coordinator of the VOX-Pol Network. He is author, co-author or co-editor of 10 books, including Radicalisation, Counter-Radicalisation and Prevent: A Vernacular Approach (2024).

• 1. Violent Extremism in the Digital Age, Suraj Lakhani, Julian Droogan, Lydia Khalil, and Stuart Macdonald Part I – Online Violent Extremism and Regulatory Responses 2. Online Terrorism, Katy Vaughan 3. Online Extremism, J.M. Berger 4. Online Radicalisation, Joe Whittaker 5. Online P/CVE Interventions, Jack Springett-Gilling, Ellie Rogers, and Alastair Reed 6. Regulatory Mechanisms, Amy-Louise Watkin 7. Industry Tools for Content Moderation, Erin Saltman and Nagham El Karhili Part II – Research Design, Methodologies and Ethics 8. Stakeholder Engagement, Ashley A. Mattheis 9. Intersectionality, Miraji Mohamed 10. Data Collection, Ryan Scrivens, Joshua D. Freilich, Steven Chermak, and Richard Frank 11. Netnography, Jonathan Collins 12. Modes and Methods of Analysis, Anthony F. Lemieux, Michael Loadenthal, Virginia Massignan, Tanvir Hossain, and Esra Akbas 13. Visual Analysis, Ashley A. Mattheis, Ashton Kingdon, and Cori E. Dauber 14. Online Extremist Ecosystems, Jade Hutchinson 15. Online Extremism and Terrorism Researcher Wellbeing, Elizabeth Pearson, Ashley A. Mattheis, Joe Whittaker, and Maura Conway 16. Data Protection, Security and Storage, Stuart Macdonald, and Sara Correia-Hopkins Part III – Online Violent Extremism 17. Social Media, Maura Conway and Angharad Devereux 18. Forums, Tiana Gaudette and Ryan Scrivens 19. Websites, Seán Looney 20. Imageboards, Lewys Brace 21. Unregulated Spaces, Laurence Bindner and Raphael Gluck 22. Video Sharing and Livestreaming, Ulrike Schwertberger, Maximilian Lechner, Julian Hohner, Heidi Schulze, Sophia Rothut, and Diana Rieger 23. Video Games, Suraj Lakhani, Rachel Kowert, and Galen Lamphere-Englund 24. Immersive Technologies, Broderick McDonald, Benjamin Mok, Nagham El Karhili, Lara Nonninger, and Guy Fiennes 25. Generative Artificial Intelligence, Stéphane J. Baele 26. Algorithmic Recommender Systems, Debbie Ging 27. Everyday Extremism, Nick Robinson Part IV – Ideologies and Actors 28. Islamic State and al-Qaida, Haroro J. Ingram 29. Al Shabaab and Boko Haram, Alta Grobbelaar 30. Hindu Extremism, Amarnath Amarasingam, Shweta Desai, and Siddharth Venkataramakrishnan 31. Buddhist Violent Extremism, Teresa Barros-Bailey 32. Online Violent Extremism in Brazil, James Fitzgerald, Bruno Mauricio Martins, Rose Marie Santini, and Débora Salles 33. Far-Left Violent Extremism, Mario Peucker 34. Far-Right Violent Extremism, Lise Waldek and Debra Smith 35. American Accelerationism, Matthew Kriner and Erica Barbarossa 36. Nihilistic and Apocalyptic Violent Extremism, Mark Peden 37. Ecofascism, Ashton Kingdon 38. Conspiratorial and Anti-Social Movements, Brigitte Naderer and Sophia Rothut 39. Misogynistic Incels and the Manosphere, Lisa Sugiura 40. The Role of Women, Anne Craanen and Elizabeth Pearson

“This phenomenal book showcases contributions from leading experts in online violent extremism, presenting the most up-to-date research and insights available for addressing today’s rapidly evolving threat landscape. It offers readers a clear and accessible guide to a very complex subject, making it an essential resource for anyone who wants to stay at the cutting edge of research in online violent extremism.”John Horgan, Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, USA“This essential handbook provides an expansive and timely analysis of the digital landscape, synthesising the latest evidence on diverse methodologies, online contexts, and emerging technologies into a single, definitive volume. Covering everything from research ethics to ideological drivers and platform-specific dynamics, it provides an unparalleled foundation for understanding the breadth of contemporary online violent extremism.”Sarah Marsden, Director, Handa Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence, University of St Andrews, UK“A timely and authoritative contribution, it offers a sweeping, interdisciplinary examination of how digital technologies have reshaped extremist movements and the global response to them. Bridging theory, policy, and practice, it is an indispensable resource for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers seeking to understand and anticipate the evolving dynamics of violent extremism in an increasingly complex online ecosystem.”Paul Gill, Professor in Security and Crime Science, UCL, UK“Earlier technological revolutions like the printing press and the mass communication of radio and television restructured both human consciousness and social realities. The digital age is doing it again, in breathtakingly complex ways. This brilliant handbook, with stunning contributions from world-leading scholars, illuminates not just how violent extremists have leveraged digital technologies, but how those technologies themselves have enabled new forms of violent extremism and new challenges for addressing the harms they promote. Violent extremism will never be the same again, and this collection helps us understand why. Essential reading for everyone interested in the nexus between violence, ideology, communication and human interactions with technology.”Michele Grossman, Deakin Institute for Citizenship and Globalisation, Deakin University, Australia