This is a rigorously constructed appraisal capturing the global diversity of ways of theorising, researching, delivering and evaluating residential care for children and youth. The 49 contributors from 16 countries illustrate through rich data sources, exemplars and critical analyses how the emotional, health, educational and cultural needs of vulnerable children and youth can be supported through well designed residential care. A detailed matrix embedded in each of the country specific chapters offers an accessible and thorough summary of data trends, policy initiatives, program models, quality standards and research advances to enhance the potential for cross national comparisons and future program innovations. A progressive blueprint and landmark contribution, this volume is essential reading for clinicians, managers, researchers, educators and students.