Gérald Kembellec is a lecturer and researcher in Information and Communication Sciences at the Institut national des techniques de documentation, CNAM, Paris, France.Evelyne Broudoux is a lecturer and researcher in Information and Communication Sciences at the Institut national des techniques de documentation, CNAM, Paris, France.

• Acknowledgements xiForeword xiiiChapter 1 Introduction to Scientific Reading and Writing and to Technical Modalities of Augmentation 1Evelyne BROUDOUX and Gérald KEMBELLEC1.1 Introduction 11.2 The digital humanities 21.2.1 Field of practice 21.2.2 A disciplinary movement 41.3 Notable features of reading and writing 61.3.1 Scientific reading and writing 61.3.2 Ecrilecture: a major concept in the digital humanities 91.4 Current hypertext technologies 121.4.1 From hypertext to the data web 121.4.2 Specific elements of scientific augmentation: examples 171.5 Conclusion 201.6 Bibliography 20Chapter 2 Ecrilecture and the Construction of Knowledge within Professional Communities 23Viviane CLAVIER and Céline PAGANELLI2.1 Introduction 232.2 Ecrilecture and research practices: state of the art 242.2.1 The act of ecrilecture 242.2.2 Writing as a product of ecrilecture 272.2.3 Methodological questions and results 282.3 Ecrilecture: an informational activity in a professional context 302.3.1 An "invisible" informational practice 302.3.2 Ecrilecture as support for professional activities 312.4 Ecrilecture: production of an augmented document 322.4.1 Products of ecrilecture 322.4.2 Differences between disciplines and research aims 332.5 Ecrilecture: a factor in structuring and constructing knowledge 352.6 Conclusion 372.7 Bibliography 38Chapter 3 "Critical Spaces": A Study of the Necessary Conditions for Scholarly and Multimedia Reading 43Thomas BOTTINI3.1 Critical positioning and operations 443.1.1 Writing and spatial structures 453.1.2 The chain of reading 463.2 The critical mechanism: tensions between material, meaning and space 503.2.1 Technical environment of criticism 503.2.2 Digital materiality 513.2.3 From document to critical space: observations and directions for design 513.3 Bibliography 56Chapter 4 "Annotate the World, and Improve Humanity": Material Imageries in a Web Annotation Program 59Marc JAHJAH4.1 Serving of all humanity: the aims and claims of Hypothes.is 604.1.1 The political implications of "information" 604.1.2 Mythologies, ideologies and primitive foundation scenes: from the circle to the network and from the network to the world 634.1.3 Provisional assessment: same ideological basis, different positions 664.2 Materialized and imaginary visions reformulated through software 674.2.1 Frameworks, signs and actions: values present in the program 674.2.2 Border and visuals 744.3 Conclusion 754.4 Bibliography 75Chapter 5 Construction of Ecrilecture Standards for Collaborative Transcription of Digitized Heritage 79Lisa CHUPIN5.1 Introduction 795.2 Participatory enrichment of digitized collections: institutional regulation and community ecrilecture practices 805.2.1 Regulation of ecrilecture approaches and institutional criteria 805.2.2 Atomized and community approaches to ecrilecture 825.3 Providing Internet users with the means for scientific ecrilecture 835.3.1 The herbarium as a means of ecrilecture 835.3.2 The diversity of ecrilecture tools and the emergence of transcription communities 845.3.3 Writing on "Les Herbonautes" 855.4 Associating human and algorithmic ecrilecture by aggregating concordant transcriptions 865.4.1 Production of standardized transcriptions and algorithmic validation of concordances 865.4.2 Transcription by simple replication: a dominant practice 885.5 The role of forums in the production of concordant data 885.5.1 Learning the rules for writing a scientific document and the development of transcription conventions 885.5.2 Justified and concerted transcription decisions 905.6 Re-editorializing transcription traces: consultation of community archives 925.6.1 Production of non-standardized information in discussion spaces 925.6.2 Perspectives for re-editorializing comments 925.7 Conclusion 935.8 Bibliography 94Chapter 6 The Challenge of Platform Interoperability in Constructing Augmented Knowledge in the Humanities and Social Sciences 97Camille PRIME-CLAVERIE and Annaïg MAHÉ6.1 Introduction 976.2 Interoperability models for the circulation of documentary metadata 986.3 Focus and methodology 1016.4 Different levels of interoperability 1036.4.1 Organizational interoperability 1036.4.2 Technical interoperability 1066.4.3 Semantic interoperability 1096.5 Integration and enrichment of metadata in Isidore 1116.6 Conclusion 1126.7 Bibliography 113Chapter 7 The XML Portal for the symogih.org Project 115Francesco BERETTA and Rosemonde LETRICOT7.1 Introduction 1157.2 The symogih.org project and the interoperability of geohistorical data 1177.2.1 Collaborative management of geohistorical data 1177.2.2 From generic relational model to interoperable ontology 1197.3 Editorialization procedures 1227.3.1 Platform architecture and text annotation 1227.3.2 Specific aspects of the Michon and Galileo projects 1257.3.3 Features of the XML portal 1277.4 Discussion 1307.5 Conclusion 1327.6 Bibliography 132Chapter 8 Issues of "Hypermediating Journals" for Scientific Publishing 135Lise VERLAET and Hans DILLAERTS8.1 Introduction 1358.2 Digital technology and the transformation of scientific journals 1378.3 The concept of hypermediating journals: the COSSI case 1428.4 The role of the tagger in the ecrilecture process 1488.5 Conclusion 1508.6 Bibliography 152List of Authors 157Index 159