Proceedings of the 61st Conference of Metallurgists, COM 2022

The Metallurgy and Materials Society Metallurgists have been active in the Canadian Institute of Mining (CIM) since its inception in 1898. In 1945, the Metallurgy Division was formed to reflect the group’s technical interests. Constituted as a Society in 1967, the Metallurgical Society (MetSoc) is one of the four societies and five divisions making up the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy, and Petroleum. In October of 2010, the Society adopted its new name The Metallurgy and Materials Society.

• ​PART I: Advances in Materials Manufacturing VI - Existing and Emerging Materials.- Chapter 1: COM22012: Al Alloys and Casting Processes for Applications in Electric Vehicles.- Chapter 2: COM22013: Laser Powder Bed Fusion of M789 Steel on Wrought N709 Steel Substrate.- Chapter 3: COM22016: Monotonic and Cyclic Deformation Behavior of a Silafont®-36 Cast Aluminum Alloy in an Overaged Condition.- Chapter 4: COM22019: Fabrication of Thin Rotary Tools Through a Combination of Cross-Rolling and Austempering-Tempering.- Chapter 5: COM22038: Heat Treatment of Multi-Material Additively Manufactured Maraging Steel and Stellite Alloy.- Chapter 6: COM22040: Microstructural Characterization of Pack Borided H13 Tool Steel Processed Using Directed Energy Deposition.- Chapter 7: COM22054: Influence of Layer Thickness Upon the Dimensional Accuracy and Surface Roughness of AISI D2 Tool Steel Manufactured Using Directed Energy Deposition.- Chapter 8: COM22108: Laser Ablation of Thin Films for Flexible Sensor Manufacturing.- Chapter 9: COM22109: Transient Softening at the Fusion Boundary of Spot Welds in Advanced High-Strength Steels: Dark Horse of the Heat Affected Zone.- Chapter 10: COM22112: Synthesis of Fast-Weathering Nutrient-Doped Silicate Minerals, and Their Prospect as a Negative Emissions Technology.- Chapter 11: COM22113: Direct Laser Writing of Copper / Copper Oxide Patterns for Emerging Roles in Advanced Electronics.- Chapter 12: COM22132: Open Pore Effect on Structural Adhesive Joining of AA6061-T6 Al Alloy Using an Epoxy Adhesive.- Chapter 13: COM22147: Tribological Performance of 13–8Mo Maraging Stainless Steel Fabricated Via Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing in As-Printed and Heat-Treated Condition.- Chapter 14: COM22170: High-Speed Nanoindentation Mapping of Additive Manufactured Titanium Alloys for Aerospace Application.- Chapter 15: COM22174: Picosecond Laser Surface/Deep Patterning of Alumina Ceramics.- Chapter 16: COM22175: Hybrid Manufacturing of IN718.- Part II: Deep Decarbonization Pathways for Pyrometallurgical Processes: Opportunities & Challenges.- Chapter 17: COM22006: Electrically Heated Fluid Bed as a Low-Carbon Option for Pyrometallurgical Processes.- Chapter 18: COM22018: Circored Fine Ore Reduction and DRI Smelting: A Way to Decarbonize Steel Making.- Chapter 19: COM22025: High Temperature Hydrogen Reduction of Bauxite Residue for Iron Recovery.- Chapter 20: COM22030: Is Hydrogen the Silver Bullet for Decarbonization?.- Chapter 21: COM22067: Electrical Resistivity of Charge Materials in the Si-Process and Its Effect on Energy and CO2 Emissions.- Chapter 22: COM22070: Fossil-Free Carburization of Hydrogen-Based DRI.- Chapter 23: COM22076: Utilization of Carbon Fibers (CF) as an Alternative Reduction Agent for Slag Valorisation Processes.- Chapter 24: COM22085: Deep Decarbonization and Pathways to Net Zero Emissions – A Steel Industry Perspective.- Chapter 25: COM22086: Utilization of Pretreated Mn-Ore in a Pilot-Scale Ferromanganese Furnace: Effect of Ore Pretreatment on Carbon and Energy Consumption.- Chapter 26: COM22091: Technology Developments and the Metals Industry in a Low Carbon Economy.- Chapter 27: COM22121: Predictive Furnace Refractory Maintenance Procedures to Extend Campaign Life and Reduce Waste.- Chapter 28: COM22123: Green Hydrogen for Steel Production - A Case Study.- Chapter 29: COM22143: Stabilizing Chromium in Ferrochromium Slag for Utilization as Aggregate Material.- Chapter 30: COM22152: Iron Segregation Roasting as a Potential Decarbonization Pathway for Ironmaking.- Chapter 31: COM22161: Using Hydrogen as a Reductant in Fire Refining at Aurubis Hamburg’s “Down-Town” Smelter.- PART III: Electrochemical Degradation of Multi-Component Materials.- Chapter 32: COM22159: Corrosion of Mg Alloy AM60B Microalloyed with As.- Chapter 33: COM22160: Studying Stress Corrosion Cracking Mechanisms Using Novel Nanoscale Characterization.- Chapter 34: COM22180: On-line ICP-MS in Electrocatalysis Research: Platinum Dissolution Studies.- PART IV: Energy and Environmental Materials.- Chapter 35: COM22062: Adsorption of Naphthenic Acids from Oil Sand Process-Affected Water (OSPW) Using Commercially-Viable Petcoke-Sourced Activated Carbon.- Chapter 36: COM22063: Crystallization of Nanoscale Garnet-Type Li-Ion Conductors for All-Solid-State Batteries (ASSBs).- Chapter 37: COM22079: Resin Technologies to Improve Battery Metal Recovery.- Chapter 38: COM22088: Adsorption Thermodynamics of Model Naphthenic Acids for Determining Uptake Mechanisms on Commercially-viable Petroleum Coke Sourced Activated Carbon.- Chapter 39: COM22110: Enhanced Strength and Electrical Conductivity of Al-Mg-Si Conductor Alloys by Adding Ag and Cu and Applying Preaging.- Chapter 40: COM22153: Economic Analysis of Electrolytic Treatment of Waste Cyanide.- PART V: Light Metals for the Transportation Industry.- Chapter 41: COM22008: Titanium – From Ore Extraction and Processing to its Applications in the Transportation Industry.- Chapter 42: COM22020: HSBC Back-Meniscus Stability for a Double Impingement Liquid Metal Feeding System.- Chapter 43: COM22024: Development of Fe-Based Metallic Glass Coating on Mg Alloys by Cold Spray.- Chapter 44: COM22029: What is Thermal Analysis for Advanced Aluminum Foundries.- Chapter 45: COM22031: Microstructure and Texture in Additively Manufactured Maraging Steel Lattice Structures.- Chapter 46: COM22037: Si-Containing Titanium Alloys for Laser Powder Bed Fusion (PBF-L).- Chapter 47: COM22046: Aluminum Auxetic Structures Produced Using Combined Stereolithography and Investment Casting.- Chapter 48: COM22050: High Strength, Low-Modulus Nanostructured Ti 13Nb 13Zr Alloy.- Chapter 49: COM22051: A Novel Experimental Set-Up for Generating Microbubbles for Removal of Inclusions.- Chapter 50: COM22066: Asymmetrical Rolling of Aluminium Alloy 6061.- Chapter 51: COM22073: Castability and Thermal/Electrical Conductivity of Al-Fe-Ni Alloys.- Chapter 52: COM22081: Reliable Maintenance Strategy for Instruments in Gas Treatment Center (GTC) of Aluminium Smelter.- Chapter 53: COM22095: Experimental and Numerical Study of 3003-H14 Aluminum Alloy Welded Joints with Different Clamping Conditions.- Chapter 54: COM22096: Out of Plane Bending Assessment of Heat-Treated Aluminum Alloys Subjected to Free-Fall Impact Loads.- Chapter 55: COM22100: A Study on Aluminum-Based Lightweight Entropic Alloys with High Strength at Elevated Temperature.- Chapter 56: COM22131: The Development of the HSBC (Horizontal Single Belt Casting) Process from Inception to Present Day.- Chapter 57: COM22134: Scanning Electron Microscopy Analyses of Horizontal Single Belt Casting Thin Strips of AA6111 Alloy.- Chapter 58: COM22141: Prediction of Hot Tearing in the AA6111 Alloy during DC Casting of Flat Ingots.- Chapter 59: COM22154: The Effect of Hydrogen Embrittlement on Aluminum Alloys Used for Hydrogen-Fueled Internal Combustion Engine.- Chapter 60: COM22155: Development of LiMCA (Liquid Metal Cleanliness Analyser) Since its Invention to Date.- Chapter 61: COM22168: Cr-Oxide – Why Should You Have It in Your Refractories?.- Chapter 62: COM22176: Microstructural study of containerless solidification of Al-20wt%Ce.- Chapter 63: COM22188: Processing, Properties and Applications of Lightweight Al and Mg Alloys for Next Generation Vehicles.- Chapter 64: COM22189: Characterization of the Microstructure of Al, Mg and Ti Alloys with State-of-the-Art Electron Microscopy.- Chapter 65: COM22190: Self-Piercing Riveting of High Ductility Al-Zn-Mg Casting Alloy (Nemalloy HE700) in F Temper.- Chapter 66: COM22191: Natural Ageing of Al-Fe (Zn,Mg) Alloy Castings for Structural Automotive Application.- Part VI: Processing of Critical Materials.- Chapter 67: COM22010: Integrating Carbon Capture in Mining through Metallurgy. Part 1: Leaching and Reclamation of Asbestos Tailings.- Chapter 68: COM22011: Developing A Commercial Heavy Rare Earth Processing Facility At Browns Range.- Chapter 69: COM22014: Integrating Carbon Capture in Mining through Metallurgy. Part 2: Nickel-Cobalt Laterite OperationS.- Chapter 70: COM22021: Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Recovery of Technology Metals.- Chapter 71: COM22022: Heavy Rare Earth Ore Sorting at Browns Range.- Chapter 72: COM22023: Catalytic Dissolution of Metals Using Deep Eutectic Solvents.- Chapter 73: COM22039: Neodymium and Lanthanum Separation by Flat-Sheet Supported Liquid Membrane with EHEHPA (P507) as an Extractant.- Chapter 74: COM22045: Process Development for Selective Recovery of Lithium from Black Mass of Spent LiFePO4 Batteries.- Chapter 75: COM22055: Dynamic Simulation of Uranium Ion Exchange Processes.- Chapter 76: COM22061: Enhanced Elution Efficiency of Sc from Ion Exchange Resins.- Chapter 77: COM22064: Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling: A Baseline Flowsheet for Processing Black Mass in a Mixed Hydroxide Precipitate and Industrial Grade Lithium Carbonate.- Chapter 78: COM22072: Electrolytic Rare Earth Metal Production to Meet Modern Environmental Standards.- Chapter 79: COM22082: Detailing of Mineral Processing Operations within Strategic Mine Planning Algorithms: A Quantitative Cornerstone for Enabling Process Innovation.- Chapter 80: COM22087: Potential Processes to Produce High-Purity Lithium Hydroxide: A Critical Review.- Chapter 81: COM22099: The revival of the French Rare Earth industry.- Chapter 82: COM22102: Cobalt-Nickel Separations using Supported Liquid Membrane for End of Life Lithium Ion Battery Recycling.- Chapter 83: COM22107: On the Solvometallurgical Extraction of Li and Co from Secondary Resources.- Chapter 84: COM22111: The Beneficiation and Metallurical Process for the Production of Mixed REE Product from Nechalacho Deposit.- Chapter 85: COM22115: The Beneficiation and Hydrometallurgical Process Development for Lofdal Hree Project.- Chapter 86: COM22116: Hydrometallurgical Flowsheet Options for Treatment of the Wicheeda Lake REE Flotation Concentrate: Acid Bake versus Caustic Crack.- Chapter 87: COM22124: Carbon Negative Cement and Battery Materials.- Chapter 88: COM22125: The Demonstration of the Cuprion Process for Recovery of Nickel, Cobalt, Copper and Manganese from Seabed Nodules.- Chapter 89: COM22126: Magnet Rare Earth Production Must Double Within Ten Years. Where Will Production Come From?.- Chapter 90: COM22138: Extraction Of Nickel, Cobalt, and Scandium from Low-Grade Philippine Laterite Ores Using Atmospheric Leaching with Reduction Pre-Treatment.- Chapter 91: COM22140: Innovative Solvent Extraction Process Steps to Produce High-Purity Cobalt and Nickel Sulfates from a Sulphide Concentrate.- Chapter 92: COM22144: The Extraction of Nickel and Cobalt from Laterite Ores with Concurrent Carbon Sequestration.- Chapter 93: COM22184: II-VI’s Capabilities in Scandium Recovery and Purification.- PART VII: Towards Sustainable Circularity: Mining to Materials.- Chapter 94: COM22026: Selective Depression of Talc inCuprite Sulfidization Flotation by New Depressant Astragaloside.- Chapter 95: COM22032: Silver Extraction from High Manganese-Silver Ores using Leaching with SO2 Pretreatment.- Chapter 96: COM22059: Imaging the Remaining Refractory Lining in Active Furnaces.- Chapter 97: COM22075: Dynamic Renewable Energy-Driven Framework Development for Mineral Processing Circuits.- Chapter 98: COM22080: The Role of Cold Bonding in Sustainable Steelmaking.- Chapter 99: COM22084: Canada as the Trailblazers in Net-Zero Carbon Mining.- Chapter 100: COM22092: Development of a Smart Database for Wastes from Canadian Mining and Metallurgical Industry.- Chapter 101: COM22093: Decanter Centrifuges and Dewatering Technology Selection: A Case Study.- Chapter 102: COM22094: Slag Resource Recovery via Air Granulation.- Chapter 103: COM22106: Using Bio-Based Surfactants as Frothers in Froth Flotation to Improve Renewable Carbon Index.- Chapter 104: COM22118: Microwave Impacts on More Sustainable Kimberlite Processing.- Chapter 105: COM22127: Decarbonization of Mining And Metals Industry: A Critical Overview.- Chapter 106: COM22135: Decarbonisation at the Anglo American Barro Alto Smelter through Implementation of the Ecombustible Technology.- Chapter 107: COM22171: Ni/Co-Cu Sulphide Resources, Key Contributors to Sustainability: A Review of Applications and Processing Challenges.- Chapter 108: COM22178: Water Recycling and Seasonal Water Quality Effects in Mineral Processing.- Chapter 109: COM22185: Production of Spodumene Concentrate from the North Carolina Piedmont Lithium Project.- Chapter 110: COM22186: Using Polymetallic Nodules to Innovate Manganese Markets: A New Manganese Feed for SiMn Alloy Production.