Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic and often disabling disease of the nervous system, affecting about 1 million people worldwide. Even though it has been known for over a hundred years, no cause or cure has yet been discovered—but now there is hope. New therapies have been shown to slow the disease progress in some patients, and the pace of discoveries about the cellular machinery of the brain and spinal cord has accelerated.This book presents a comprehensive overview of multiple sclerosis today, as researchers seek to understand its processes, develop therapies that will slow or halt the disease and perhaps repair damage, offer relief for specific symptoms, and improve the abilities of MS patients to function in their daily lives.The panel reviews existing knowledge and identifies key research questions, focusing on:Research strategies that have the greatest potential to understand the biological mechanisms of recovery and to translate findings into specific strategies for therapy.How people adapt to MS and the research needed to improve the lives of people with MS.Management of disease symptoms (cognitive impairment, depression, spasticity, vision problems, and others).The committee also discusses ways to build and financially support the MS research enterprise, including a look at challenges inherent in designing clinical trials. This book will be important to MS researchers, research funders, health care advocates for MS research and treatment, and interested patients and their families.Table of ContentsFront MatterExecutive Summary1 Introduction2 Clinical and Biological Features3 Characteristics and Management of Major Symptoms4 Disease Management and Measurement5 Strategies for Future Research on Disease Mechanisms6 Future Strategies for Therapies7 Building and Supporting the Research Enterprise8 RecommendationsAppendix A: Committee and Staff BiographiesAppendix B: List of Expert ConsultantsAppendix C: Workshop AgendasAppendix D: Kurtze's Expanded Disability Status ScaleAppendix E: Drugs Used in the Treatment of MSAppendix F: U.S. Social Security Administration's Criteria for Qualifying as Disabled from MSAppendix G: Treatments That Have Been Claimed to Be of Benefit in MSIndex