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Modern gas turbine power plants represent one of the most efficient and economic conventional power generation technologies suitable for large-scale and smaller scale applications. Alongside this, gas turbine systems operate with low emissions and are more flexible in their operational characteristics than other large-scale generation units such as steam cycle plants. Gas turbines are unrivalled in their superior power density (power-to-weight) and are thus the prime choice for industrial applications where size and weight matter the most. Developments in the field look to improve on this performance, aiming at higher efficiency generation, lower emission systems and more fuel-flexible operation to utilise lower-grade gases, liquid fuels, and gasified solid fuels/biomass. Modern gas turbine systems provides a comprehensive review of gas turbine science and engineering.The first part of the book provides an overview of gas turbine types, applications and cycles. Part two moves on to explore major components of modern gas turbine systems including compressors, combustors and turbogenerators. Finally, the operation and maintenance of modern gas turbine systems is discussed in part three. The section includes chapters on performance issues and modelling, the maintenance and repair of components and fuel flexibility.Modern gas turbine systems is a technical resource for power plant operators, industrial engineers working with gas turbine power plants and researchers, scientists and students interested in the field.
Provides a comprehensive review of gas turbine systems and fundamentals of a cycle
Examines the major components of modern systems, including compressors, combustors and turbines
Discusses the operation and maintenance of component parts
Dr Peter Jansohn is Manager at the Combustion Research Laboratory, Paul Scherrer Institute, Switzerland.
Contributor contact detailsWoodhead Publishing Series in EnergyPart I: Overview of modern gas turbine systemsChapter 1: Introduction to gas turbinesAbstract:1.1 Introduction1.2 The importance of gas turbines for worldwide CO2 reduction1.3 Importance of gas turbines for the aviation sector1.4 Importance of gas turbines for the power generation sector1.5 Efficiency improvement: impact on other issues1.5.1 Total life cycle costs: importance of efficiency measures1.5.2 Technologies for improved gas turbine and system efficiency1.6 Other trends in gas turbine technology1.7 Market trends1.8 ConclusionChapter 2: Overview of gas turbine types and applicationsAbstract:2.1 Introduction2.2 Gas turbine types by application2.3 Power generation2.4 Aero-engines2.5 Industrial turbines2.6 Microturbines2.7 Advantages and limitations2.8 Future trendsChapter 3: Fundamentals of gas turbine cycles: thermodynamics, efficiency and specific powerAbstract:3.1 Introduction3.2 Thermodynamic properties of gases3.3 The Joule–Brayton cycle3.4 Improvements to the simple cycle3.5 Combined gas–steam cycles3.6 Basics of blade cooling3.7 Conclusion and future trendsPart II: Modern gas turbine systems and major componentsChapter 4: Compressors in gas turbine systemsAbstract:4.1 Introduction: role of the compressor4.2 Types of compressor systems4.3 Stationary gas turbine compressor elements4.4 Compressor characteristic parameters4.5 Operational requirements inside a gas turbine4.6 Compressor design process4.7 Technological trends and special features4.8 Acknowledgement4.10 Appendix: variables and indexesChapter 5: Combustors in gas turbine systemsAbstract:5.1 Introduction5.2 Design principles5.3 Combustor operation5.4 Fuel flexibility5.5 Future trendsChapter 6: Turbines for industrial gas turbine systemsAbstract:6.1 Introduction6.2 Interfaces and integration6.3 Aerodynamics6.4 Cooling6.5 Durability and damage mechanisms6.6 Typical parts and interfaces6.7 Future trendsChapter 7: Heat exchangers and heat recovery processes in gas turbine systemsAbstract:7.1 Introduction7.2 Heat exchange processes7.3 Heat transfer equipment7.4 Applications7.5 Future trends7.6 Conclusion7.10 Appendix: nomenclatureChapter 8: Turbogenerators in gas turbine systemsAbstract:8.1 Introduction8.2 Generator component design8.3 The history of turbogenerator development8.4 Design concepts of turbogenerators for modern gas turbines8.5 Turbogenerator development for gas turbines8.6 Recent developments8.7 Future trends8.8 AcknowledgementChapter 9: Materials and coatings developments for gas turbine systems and componentsAbstract:9.1 Introduction9.2 Turbine parts9.3 Combustor parts9.4 Coatings for hot gas path parts9.5 Ceramics for hot gas path parts9.6 Rotor parts9.8 Appendix: nomenclaturePart III: Operation and maintenance of modern gas turbine systemsChapter 10: Gas turbine operation and combustion performance issuesAbstract:10.1 Introduction10.2 Flame stabilisation mechanisms10.3 Emissions variations10.4 Combustion dynamics10.5 Future trendsChapter 11: Gas turbine performance modelling, analysis and optimisationAbstract:11.1 Introduction11.2 Design-point modelling of gas turbine cycles11.3 Steady flow energy equation11.4 The ideal simple gas turbine cycle11.5 Reversibility and efficiency11.6 Thermophysical properties of air and products of combustion11.7 Thermodynamic modelling of gas turbine components applicable for practical gas turbine cycles11.8 Determining component performance using specific heats11.9 Design-point performance modelling, analysis and performance optimisation of practical (shaft power) gas turbines11.10 Design-point performance modelling of aero gas turbines, analysis and optimisation11.11 Component characteristics11.12 Engine configurations11.13 Off-design performance prediction11.14 Transient performance modelling11.15 Off-design performance behaviour of gas turbine cycles11.16 Adaptive model-based control11.17 Future trendsChapter 12: Advanced gas turbine asset and performance managementAbstract:12.1 Introduction12.2 Gas turbine degradation12.3 Hot gas path management12.4 Centre for remote monitoring and diagnostics (CMD)12.5 E-maintenance and future trends12.6 Key definitions12.7 AcknowledgementChapter 13: Maintenance and repair of gas turbine componentsAbstract:13.1 Introduction13.2 Maintenance factors13.3 Outage cycle13.4 Advanced component repair technology13.5 Compressor cleaning13.6 Future trends13.7 AcknowledgementChapter 14: Fuel flexibility in gas turbine systems: impact on burner design and performanceAbstract:14.1 Introduction14.2 Primary fuel characterization14.3 Fuels directly introduced into gas turbine burners14.4 Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) technology options with and without air-side integration and carbon capture and storage (CCS)14.5 Characterizing fuel gases14.6 Measures for extending operation range for fuel gases14.7 Characterizing liquid fuels14.8 Future trendsChapter 15: Carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and storage for gas turbine systemsAbstract:15.1 Introduction15.2 CO2 capture technologies15.3 Impact of carbon capture and storage (CCS) on current gas turbines15.4 Novel approaches15.5 Implementation of carbon capture and storage (CCS) for gas turbines15.6 Conclusion15.7 AcknowledgementsChapter 16: Ultra-low nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions combustion in gas turbine systemsAbstract:16.1 Introduction16.2 The NASA clean combustor programme16.3 Acoustic resonance and catalytic combustion16.4 Thermal NOx formation16.5 Prompt NOx16.6 Predictions of thermal NOx16.7 Influence of mixing on thermal NOx16.8 Impact of fuel-and-air mixing quality on thermal NOx emissions16.9 Influence of air inlet temperature16.10 Influence of residence time in premixed combustion: reference velocity and reference Mach number16.11 Conclusions16.12 AcknowledgementsIndex
