Marmes Rockshelter

A Final Report on 11,000 Years of Cultural Use

Häftad, Engelska, 2004

AvVirginia L. Butler,John L. Fagan,Pamela J. Ford,Shawn Gibson,Carl E. Gustafson,Gary Huckleberry,Joy Mastrogiuseppe,Guy Moura,Terry L. Ozbun,Brent A. Hicks

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The Marmes Rockshelter is one of the most significant archaeological sites in the Pacific Northwest, not only due to its 11,000-year record of human use, but also because of the attention it generated towards American archaeology throughout the Northwest, the nation, and the world. The political story behind the discovery and excavation of early Holocene human skeletal remains at the Marmes site encapsulates, and helped incite, changes in archaeological studies following passage of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966. This contributed to current Cultural Resources Management processes, driven by federal government mandates to preserve archaeological materials and information and to seek greater public involvement in management program. These mandates, in fact, have led full-circle to this study, a complete analysis and interpretation of all of the available information from the rockshelter and floodplain areas of the site, and completion of a final report some thirty years after the Marmes site was excavated.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum2004-05-06
Mått216 x 279 x 29 mm
Vikt1 234 g
FormatHäftad
SpråkEngelska
Antal sidor462
FörlagWashington State University Press
ISBN9780874222753

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Brent Hicks is vice president of cultural resources management and principal archaeologist for Historical Research Associates, Inc. Skilled in all aspects of research and fieldwork in both historic and prehistoric archaeology, as well as lithic artifact analysis, he has over three decades of experience in cultural resources management, and has conducted and managed archaeological investigations in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, and California.

1. Project Background2. Research DesignCultural ChronologyPast Environment & Climate ChangeSite FunctionTradeHuman Remains/Burials3. Environmental OverviewGeological SettingGlacial-era Floods & Tephra ChronologyClimatic & Vegetation HistoryLate PleistoceneLatest Pleistocene/Early HoloceneMiddle HoloceneEarly Late HoloceneLate HoloceneVegetationFaunal Resources4. Cultural ContextPrehistoryEthnographic PeriodHistoric Period5. Stratigraphy & Site Formation ProcessesGeomorphic ContextRockshelter StratigraphyColluvial Slope StratigraphyFloodplain StratigraphySite Formation6. FeaturesRockshelterHearths/Fire PitsStorage PitFloodplain7. Human Remains8. Lithic Debitage & Formed ToolsRaw MaterialsReduction TechnologyObsidian X-ray FluorescenceBlood Residue AnalysisLithic TechnologyObsidian SourcingBlood Residue AnalysisCulture-HistoryIndex Fossils & Tool FunctionsCascade TechniqueGravels & TravelsComparisons With Other Sites9. Modified Bone & AntlerManufacturing Technology & FunctionUse-Life ClassesModified Bone CollectionChanges Through TimeComparison of Windust Phase Floodplain & Rockshelter Deposits10. Faunal RemainsMarmes FaunaTaxa IdentifiedIntersite Analyses11. Fish RemainsComparison of Rockshelter & Floodplain Fish12. Invertebrate Fauna (Shellfish)Results by Stratum13. Botanical MaterialsTemporal ConsiderationsContaminants14. Summary of Results15. InterpretationCultural ChronologyTradePast Environment & Climate ChangeSite FunctionSubsistenceMarmes Rockshelter in a Regional Perspective