This is a strikingly creative work that upends standard legal thinking about jurisdiction in international law by grounding the analysis in the need to address what has been a legal black hole: the reality that millions of people live, sometimes for their entire lifetime, under the exclusive and effective authority of non-state territorial entities. In this book, by combining elements of private and public international law and practice, Leontiev reimagines the concept of jurisdiction to finally capture this phenomenon in international legal analysis.