Introduction to Nutrition and Metabolism

David A. Bender was educated at North Ealing Primary School and Greenford CountyGrammar School in London and then studied biochemistry at the University of Birminghamin England from 1965 to 1968. He joined the Courtauld Institute of Biochemistry at theMiddlesex Hospital Medical School as a research assistant in 1968, was appointed as alecturer in biochemistry in 1970 and received his PhD (on the metabolism of aromaticamino acids) from the University of London in 1971. The Middlesex Hospital MedicalSchool merged with University College London (UCL) in 1987, and he became a memberof the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at UCL. He was appointed assenior lecturer in biochemistry in 1994 and professor of nutritional biochemistry in 2009.He retired from UCL in 2011, with the title of Emeritus Professor. From 1994 until retirement,he was the assistant faculty tutor to the medical students, and from 1998 he wasthe subdean (Education) and director of studies for the early years of the medical courseat UCL.His research interests have been in the fi eld of amino acid and vitamin nutritionalbiochemistry, and he was a member of the working group on vitamins that formed part ofthe expert committee that produced the 1991 report on Dietary Reference Values for FoodEnergy and Nutrients for the United Kingdom, the European Union expert committee thatproduced the 1993 report on Nutrient and Energy Intakes for the European Communityand the Food Safety Authority of Ireland working party on Safe Micronutrient Levels.In addition to research publications, he has also written a number of books, including:• Nutritional Biochemistry of the Vitamins , 2nd Edition, 2003, Cambridge University Press.• Amino Acid Metabolism , 3rd Edition, 2012, Wiley- Blackwell.• Benders’ Dictionary of Nutrition and Food Technology , 8th Edition, 2006, WoodheadPublishing, Oxford.• Dictionary of Food and Nutrition , 3rd Edition, 2009, Oxford University Press.For more information about David A. Bender, visit http:// david- bender.co.uk.Shauna M. C. Cunningham was educated at Bank Street Primary School and GreenwoodAcademy in Irvine, Scotland, before undertaking undergraduate studies at GlasgowUniversity. She moved to Aberdeen University in 1991 to study for a PhD. This wasfollowed by a period of postdoctoral research at Aberdeen University and KurumeUniversity Medical School, Japan, before she joined the Nutrition and Dietetics TeachingGroup in 2001 as a lecturer in nutritional physiology and biochemistry at Robert GordonUniversity in Aberdeen. Shauna continues to teach student nutritionists and dietitians atRobert Gordon University, with a particular interest in metabolism and its relationshipwith diet.

• ContentsPreface .......................................................................................................................................... xviiAuthors .......................................................................................................................................... xixAdditional Resources on the Website: Metabolism Online – The Virtual Tutorial ........................ xxiChapter 1 Why Eat? ..................................................................................................................... 1Chapter 2 Enzymes and Metabolic Pathways ...................................................................... 21Chapter 3 The Role of ATP in Metabolism .......................................................................... 53Chapter 4 Digestion and Absorption .................................................................................... 83Chapter 5 Energy Nutrition: The Metabolism of Carbohydrates and Fats .................. 121Chapter 6 Diet and Health: Nutrition and Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases …. 1 73Chapter 7 Overweight and Obesity ..................................................................................... 223Chapter 8 Protein- Energy Malnutrition: Problems of Undernutrition ......................... 247Chapter 9 Protein Nutrition and Metabolism ................................................................... 259Chapter 10 The Integration and Control of Metabolism ................................................... 293Chapter 11 Micronutrients: The Vitamins and Minerals .................................................. 323Index ............................................................................................................................................. 421

Amy Hess Fischl, MS RDN LDN BC-ADM CDCES(University of Chicago Medical Center)  **Description** This sixth edition of a primer of nutritional biochemistry, coming seven years after the last edition, builds on previous content to include key emerging areas of nutrition research, specifically the gut microbiome and epigenetics.*Purpose** The purpose is to enable readers to gain a working knowledge of how nutrients are metabolized and how they influence our metabolic status since these boiling blocks of knowledge are key to our relationship with food. Nutritional biochemistry is crucial to our understanding of the scientific basis behind eating principles. The book meets these objectives.**Audience** The book is written for "those using this information in their studies," which I consider to be nutrition students and nutrition practitioners. The book meets the needs of this audience. The lead author has been part of this book since the first edition. The second author also appears to be a credible authority as a nutrition lecturer and professor.**Features** The eleven chapters cover the key topics in nutritional biochemistry: micronutrients, enzymes and metabolic pathways, the role of ATP, digestion and absorption, metabolism of the macronutrients. The first chapter also delves into why we eat and spends a little time discussing religion, cultural differences, availability, and social status, which is a practical way to lay the framework for the information the book provides. The chapter on diet and health adds nutrition genomics to the conversation as well. While the book is laden with key content, the lead author also provides an additional resource on a website he controls called "The Virtual Tutorial." This has interactive exercises to help readers understand the metabolism of energy, carbohydrate, lipids, and protein. The author suggests that the exercises can be completed alone or in a group "gathered around the same computer." While the website is not formally part of the book, it does appear that it would be helpful for readers to test their knowledge in a more tangible way.**Assessment** This book is a perfectly acceptable option for students who are required to take a nutritional biochemistry course. Given the time between editions, this update is justified.--Weighted Numerical Score: 73 - 3 Stars