Implications of Artificial Intelligence for Cybersecurity

In recent years, interest and progress in the area of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have boomed, with new applications vigorously pursued across many sectors. At the same time, the computing and communications technologies on which we have come to rely present serious security concerns: cyberattacks have escalated in number, frequency, and impact, drawing increased attention to the vulnerabilities of cyber systems and the need to increase their security. In the face of this changing landscape, there is significant concern and interest among policymakers, security practitioners, technologists, researchers, and the public about the potential implications of AI and ML for cybersecurity.The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop on March 12-13, 2019 to discuss and explore these concerns. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.Table of ContentsFront Matter1 Introduction and Context2 Artificial Intelligence and the Landscape of Cyber Engagements3 Currently Deployed Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Tools for Cyber Defense Operations4 Adversarial Artificial Intelligence for Cybersecurity: Research and Development and Emerging Areas5 Security Risks of Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Systems6 Deep Fakes7 Wrap-Up Discussion: Identifying Key Implications and Open QuestionsAppendixesAppendix A: Workshop AgendaAppendix B: Additional Discussion Questions from SponsorAppendix C: Planning Committee and Staff BiographiesAppendix D: Speaker BiographiesAppendix E: Abbreviations and Acronyms