The halophilic micro-organisms form a highly diverse group of organisms. They present the biochemist/physiologist with interesting questions on the strategies used to cope with high osmotic pressures exerted by hypersaline brines and often have a strong impact on the ecosystems in which they thrive. The first section of the book presents in-depth discussions of the taxonomy, cellular properties, metabolic diversity, pigments, ion metabolism and organic osmotic solutes, properties of halophilic proteins, genetics, and biotechnological uses of halophilic micro-organisms. It then goes on describes the occurrence and functioning of these organisms in the Great Salt Lake, the Dead Sea, solar saltern ponds, alkaline soda lakes, and other hypersaline environments worldwide.
An Historical Survey.- Halophilic Microorganisms in their Natural Environment and in Culture — an Historical Introduction.- Halophilic Microorganisms And Their Properties.- Taxonomy of Halophilic Microorganisms: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eucarya.- The Cellular Structure of Halophilic Microorganisms.- Cellular Metabolism and Physiology of Hhalophilic Microorganisms.- Pigments of Halophilic Microorganisms.- Intracellular Salt Concentrations and Ion Metabolism in Halophilic Microorganisms.- Properties of Halophilic Proteins.- Organic Compatible Solutes.- Halophilic Bacteriophages and Halocins.- Genetics and Genomics of Halophilic Archaea and Bacteria.- Biotechnological Applications and Potentials of Halophilic Microorganisms.- Hypersaline Environments and Their Biota.- Great Salt Lake, Utah.- The Dead Sea.- Solar Salterns.- Alkaline Hypersaline Lakes in Africa and Asia.- Mono Lake, California, and Big Soda Lake, Nevada.- Miscellaneous Habitats of Halophilic Microorganisms — from Antarctctic Lakes to Hydrothermal Vents.- Epilogue.- Epilogue: Evolution of Halophiles and Survival of Halophiles on Earth and in Space.- Supplement.- Methods for Cultivation and Handling of Halophilic Archaea and Bacteria.