America's foster care system has a noble goal — to care for children that for various reasons can no longer be cared for by their families — but years of inattention and inadequate funding have left many foster youth in a precarious state.This resource provides a comprehensive and authoritative overview of the American foster care system. Areas of coverage include the scaffolding of foster care systems in the various states (each of which operate their own unique systems through their social service agencies); conditions under which children are taken out of their families of origin and placed in foster care; the experiences of both young children and older teens in foster homes; challenges for foster children who "age out" of the system; and proposals to reform and improve foster care across the nation.Geared for students, this book contains chapters devoted to the background and history of foster care in America; the system's problems, controversies, and solutions; original essay contributions exploring various facets of the system; profiles of leading foster care activists and organizations; governmental data and excerpts of primary documents on the topic; and an annotated list of important books, scholarly journals, and nonprint sources for further research. It closes with a detailed chronology, glossary of terms, and subject index.
Christina G. Villegas, PhD, is Professor of Political Science at California State University-San Bernardino, USA.
PrefaceAcknowledgments1. Background and HistoryIntroductionOverview of Current System- Reporting and Investigation of Abuse- Substantiated Cases of Abuse and Neglect- Forms of PlacementHistorical Foundations of Foster Care in AmericaThe Evolution of Federal Policy- The Social Security Act of 1935- The Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1974- The Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act of 1980- The Influence of Cultural Heritage, Race, and Ethnicity on Child Welfare Policy- Permanency Planning and Child Welfare Policy- Increased Focus on Aging Out- Prevention, Family Preservation, and Promoting Family versus Institutional Care- Strengthening the Child Welfare System for America's ChildrenConclusionReferences2. Problems, Controversies, and SolutionsIntroductionAging Out of Foster Care- Foster Care RunawaysPlacement Instability, Delayed Permanency, and Other System FailuresRestrictions on Congregate CareEnsuring Protection and Permanency for Native American ChildrenRacial Disparities in Child Welfare- Addressing Racial Bias in the Foster Care SystemDo Racial Disparities in Child Welfare Cause Pervasive Harm?The Question of Kinship CareRecruiting and Retaining Foster and Adoptive FamiliesLGBTQ Rights and Religious ExemptionsIncreased Focus on Older YouthCOVID-19 and Child Welfare Challenges and OpportunitiesConclusionReferences3. PerspectivesIntroductionChanging Laws, Changing Lives, Darcy OlsenCombating "Stereotype Threat" among Foster Youth, Tori PetersenMy Life in Foster Care, Jaymie GonzalesImproving Trauma-Informed Treatment of Foster Children, Terri GalindoFaith-Based Agencies and Communities Are Essential in Child Welfare Work, Natalie GoodnowFostering amid the Opioid Crisis: My Family's Story, Vienna ScottThey Call Me Mom, Diana Hayes4. ProfilesIntroductionAdoptUSKidsAging Out InstituteAnnie E. Casey FoundationBetter TogetherThe CALLCasey Family ProgramsCenter for State Child Welfare DataCHAMPSChild Welfare League of AmericaChildren's BureauChildren's RightsCongressional Coalition on Adoption InstituteCourt Appointed Special AdvocatesDave Thomas Foundation for AdoptionDC Family and Youth InitiativeFaithBridgeFamily and Youth Law CenterFamily EqualityFoster AmericaFoster Care Alumni of AmericaFoster Care to SuccessFosterClubFostering Court Improvement4KIDS, Inc.Gen JusticeHealthy Foster Care AmericaHeart GalleryiFosterIsaiah 117 HouseLove Fosters HopeMayfly ProjectMonument AcademyMulti-System Trauma-Informed CollaborativeNational Foster Parent AssociationNative American Youth and Family CenterOne Church One ChildOne Simple WishProject 1.27Safe Families for ChildrenSafe Haven ServicesUtah Youth Village5. Data and DocumentsIntroductionData- Figure 5.1. Number of Children in Foster Care, Fiscal Years 2015–2019- Figure 5.2. Number of Children in Foster Care on September 30, 2019, by Sex and by Race/Ethnicity- Figure 5.3. Race and Ethnicity of Children Entering Foster Care in FY 2008 and FY 2018- Figure 5.4. Circumstances Associated with Child's Removal for Children Entering Foster Care, FY 2019- Figure 5.5. Children Exiting Foster Care during FY 2019 Broken Down by Reason for Discharge- Figure 5.6. Youth Outcomes Reported at Ages 17, 19, and 21Documents- President Ronald Reagan's Presidential Proclamation for National Foster Care Month (1988)- Senator John H. Chafee's Remarks in Defense of the Adoption and Safe Families Act (1997)- Testimony of Youth Aging Out of Foster Care (2007)- Testimony of Former Foster Youth Dawna Zender Hovenier and Celebrity Psychologist Dr. Phil McGraw on the Overmedication of Youth in Foster Care (2014)- Dr. William C. Bell's Testimony on the Importance of Fathers in Reducing the Need for Foster Care (2019)- Sharonell Fulton, et al. v. City of Philadelphia, Petition for Writ of Certiorari and City Respondents Brief in Opposition (2019) (Excerpts)- Donald Trump's Executive Order on Strengthening the Child Welfare System (2020)6. ResourcesIntroductionBooksArticles and ReportsJournals, Magazines, and Online ForumsNonprint Sources7. ChronologyGlossaryIndex
Worth strong consideration by both public and academic libraries.