Diagnostic Pathology: Head and Neck

Susan Müller, DMD, MS, is Professor Emeritus with the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, at Emory University School of Medicine in Atlanta, Georgia. Müller is also with Atlanta Oral Pathology, which specializes in the pathology of the oral cavity and the head and neck. Brenda L. Nelson, DDS, MS, is a Consulting Pathologist with Scripps Oral Pathology Service in San Diego, California

• SECTION 1: NASAL CAVITY ANDPARANASAL SINUSES4 Nose and Paranasal SinusesLester D. R. Thompson, MD and Jonathan B. McHugh, MDCONGENITAL/GENETIC/HEREDITARY 6 Nasal Neuroglial HeterotopiaLester D. R. Thompson, MD8 Nasal Dermoid Cyst and SinusINFECTIOUS 10 Allergic Fungal Sinusitis14 Invasive Fungal Rhinosinusitis16 Mycetoma17 Rhinoscleroma18 Rhinosporidiosis20 Mycobacterium lepraeInfectionINFLAMMATORY-IMMUNE DYSFUNCTION 22 Chronic RhinosinusitisBrenda L. Nelson, DDS, MS26 Granulomatosis With PolyangiitisSusan Müller, DMD, MS32 Eosinophilic Angiocentric FibrosisREACTIVE AND HAMARTOMAS 36 Sinonasal Inflammatory Polyp Brenda L. Nelson, DDS, MS and Lester D. R. Thompson, MD40 Antrochoanal PolypLester D. R. Thompson, MD and Brenda L. Nelson, DDS, MS42 Mucocele of Paranasal Sinus44 Sinonasal HamartomaBrenda L. Nelson, DDS, MS and Lester D. R. Thompson, MD50 Nasal Chondromesenchymal Hamartoma52 Extranodal Sinus Histiocytosis With Massive Lymphadenopathy56 MyospherulosisBENIGN NEOPLASM 58 Sinonasal Papilloma66 Pleomorphic Adenoma, Sinonasal Tract68 Meningioma, Sinonasal Tract72 Ameloblastoma, Sinonasal Tract74 Ectopic Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumor80 Lobular Capillary Hemangioma (Pyogenic Granuloma)84 Sinonasal Tract Angiofibroma88 Schwannoma/Neurofibroma, Sinonasal Tract92 Leiomyoma and Smooth Muscle Tumors of Uncertain Malignant Potential96 Fibromatosis/Desmoid-Type Fibromatosis98 Solitary Fibrous Tumor, Sinonasal TractBORDERLINE NEOPLASM 102 GlomangiopericytomaMALIGNANT NEOPLASM 106 Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Sinonasal Tract114 NUT Carcinoma116 SWI/SNF Complex-Deficient Sinonasal Carcinomas120 Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma, Sinonasal Tract122 Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma128 Teratocarcinosarcoma134 HPV-Related Multiphenotypic Sinonasal Carcinoma138 Sinonasal Adenocarcinoma, Intestinal Type144 Sinonasal Nonintestinal-Nonsalivary Adenocarcinoma152 Sinonasal Renal Cell-Like Adenocarcinoma154 Olfactory Neuroblastoma164 Sinonasal Neuroendocrine Carcinoma170 Mucosal Melanoma, Sinonasal Tract176 Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma, Sinonasal Tract182 Ewing Sarcoma, Including Sinonasal Adamantinoma-Like188 Biphenotypic Sinonasal Sarcoma192 Leiomyosarcoma, Sinonasal Tract198 Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor, Sinonasal Tract202 Fibrosarcoma, Sinonasal Tract206 Angiosarcoma, Sinonasal Tract210 Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma, Sinonasal Tract212 Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma, Sinonasal Tract216 Extranodal NK-/T-Cell Lymphoma, Nasal TypeAaron Auerbach, MD, MPH222 Metastatic/Secondary Tumors, Sinonasal TractSPECIMEN EXAMINATION, NASAL CAVITY & PARANASAL SINUSES 224 Specimen Examination and Staging Tools, Oropharynx228 Specimen Examination and Staging Tools, NasopharynxSECTION 2: PHARYNX (NASAL, HYPO-)234 Pharynx236 Tornwaldt Cyst237 Rathke Cleft Cyst238 Dermoid240 Low-Grade Nasopharyngeal Papillary Adenocarcinoma244 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Nonkeratinizing TypesSusan Müller, DMD, MS and Lester D. R. Thompson, MD254 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Keratinizing Type256 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma260 Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma NOSSECTION 3: LARYNX AND TRACHEA266 Larynx268 Laryngocele and Laryngeal Cysts270 Tracheopathia Osteoplastica272 Laryngitis: Viral, Bacterial, FungalREACTIVE 276 Vocal Cord Nodules and Polyps280 Reactive Epithelial Changes284 Contact Ulcer286 Amyloid (Amyloidoma)288 Squamous Papilloma292 Granular Cell Tumor, Larynx294 Adult Rhabdomyoma296 Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor300 Paraganglioma, Larynx302 Chondroma304 EBV-Associated Smooth Muscle Tumor306 Keratinizing Dysplasia and Carcinoma In Situ314 Conventional Squamous Cell Carcinoma322 Verrucous Carcinoma326 Spindle Cell Squamous Cell Carcinoma332 Papillary Squamous Cell CarcinomaLester D. R. Thompson, MD and Susan Müller, DMD, MS336 Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma340 Adenosquamous Carcinoma344 Neuroendocrine Neoplasms, Larynx354 Chondrosarcoma358 Metastatic/Secondary Tumors, Larynx and TracheaSPECIMEN EXAMINATION, LARYNX 360 Specimen Examination and Staging Tools, Larynx and TracheaSECTION 4: ORAL CAVITY364 Tongue366 Oral MucosaeCONGENITAL/GENETIC/HEREDITARY368 Ectopic (Lingual) Thyroid370 White Sponge Nevus372 Multifocal Epithelial Hyperplasia (Heck Disease)374 Oral Hairy Leukoplakia376 Oral Infections380 Oral Syphilis384 Aphthous Stomatitis390 Pemphigus Vulgaris392 Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid394 Oral Lichen Planus398 Erythema Multiforme400 Lupus Erythematosus404 Frictional Hyperkeratosis405 Pseudoepitheliomatous Hyperplasia406 Necrotizing Sialometaplasia408 Traumatic Ulcerative Granuloma With Stromal Eosinophilia410 Giant Cell Fibroma411 Amalgam Tattoo412 Tobacco Changes414 ParulisNONNEOPLASTIC LESIONS 415 Fordyce Granules416 Mucocele and Ranula418 Verruciform Xanthoma419 Hairy Tongue420 Geographic Tongue422 Juxtaoral Organ of Chievitz423 Heterotopic Salivary Glands424 Squamous Papilloma (Including Verruca and Condyloma)428 Fibroma, Oral Cavity430 Pyogenic Granuloma432 Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma434 Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma436 Mucosal Neuroma438 Solitary Circumscribed Neuroma440 Acquired Melanocytic Nevus444 Melanoacanthoma445 Oral Lymphangioma446 Teratoma, Oral Cavity448 Congenital Granular Cell Epulis450 Granular Cell Tumor, Oral Cavity454 Melanotic Neuroectodermal Tumor of Infancy456 Ectomesenchymal Chondromyxoid Tumor460 GLI1-Altered Soft Tissue Tumor462 Dysplasia and Carcinoma In Situ468 Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia470 Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Oral Cavity476 Mucosal Melanoma, Oral Cavity480 Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma482 Angiosarcoma, Oral Cavity484 Kaposi Sarcoma, Oral Cavity486 Metastatic/Secondary Tumors: Oral Cavity; JawSPECIMEN EXAMINATION, LIP AND ORAL CAVITY 488 Specimen Examination and Staging Tools, Lip and Oral CavitySECTION 5: OROPHARYNX492 Infectious Mononucleosis496 HIV Infection of Tonsils and Adenoids500 Lymphangiomatous Polyp502 Oropharyngeal CarcinomaSECTION 6: SALIVARY GLANDS508 Major Salivary Glands510 HIV Salivary Gland Disease512 Benign Lymphoepithelial Cyst514 Benign Lymphoepithelial Lesion516 Sjögren Syndrome Brenda L. Nelson, DDS, MS and Lester D. R. Thompson, MD520 IgG4-Related Salivary Gland Disease524 Oncocytosis (Oncocytic Hyperplasia)525 Sialolithiasis526 Pleomorphic Adenoma536 Basal Cell Adenoma540 Myoepithelioma544 Warthin Tumor (Papillary Cystadenoma Lymphomatosum)548 Oncocytoma554 Canalicular Adenoma556 Cystadenoma558 Ductal Papillomas562 Salivary Gland Adenoma: Lymphadenoma, Sebaceous Lymphadenoma, and Sebaceous Adenoma564 Sclerosing Polycystic Adenoma566 Keratocystoma567 Sialolipoma568 Hemangioma, Parotid Gland570 Sialoblastoma574 Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma, Salivary584 Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma592 Acinic Cell Carcinoma600 Secretory Carcinoma, Salivary Gland604 Microsecretory Adenocarcinoma606 Polymorphous Adenocarcinoma, Low-Grade Subtype612 Polymorphous Adenocarcinoma, Cribriform Subtype614 Hyalinizing Clear Cell Carcinoma620 Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma624 Intraductal Carcinoma626 Salivary Duct Carcinoma636 Myoepithelial Carcinoma640 Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma646 Carcinoma Ex-Pleomorphic Adenoma656 Mucinous Adenocarcinoma660 Sclerosing Microcystic Adenocarcinoma662 Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma, Salivary Gland668 Sebaceous Carcinoma and Sebaceous Lymphadenocarcinoma670 Adenocarcinoma, Not Otherwise Specified672 Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma, Salivary Gland676 Lymphoma, Salivary Gland678 Metastatic/Secondary Tumors, Salivary GlandsSPECIMEN EXAMINATION, SALIVARY GLANDS 680 Specimen Examination and Staging Tools, Salivary GlandsSECTION 7: JAW684 Teeth686 CherubismREACTIVE/INFECTIOUS 688 Tori690 Osteomyelitis694 Osteonecrosis698 Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia700 Fibrous Dysplasia704 Paget Disease of BoneCYSTS 708 Simple Bone Cyst710 Pseudocysts and Surgical Ciliated Cysts of Jaw712 Periapical Cyst/Granuloma714 Nasopalatine Duct Cyst716 Dentigerous Cyst720 Orthokeratinized Odontogenic Cyst722 Lateral Periodontal Cyst724 Calcifying Odontogenic Cyst726 Glandular Odontogenic Cyst728 Odontogenic Keratocyst732 Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor734 Squamous Odontogenic Tumor736 Calcifying Epithelial Odontogenic Tumor738 Ameloblastoma, Jaw744 Odontoma (Complex and Compound)746 Ameloblastic Fibroma/Fibroodontoma748 Odontogenic Fibroma750 Cementoblastoma752 Odontogenic Myxoma754 Central Giant Cell Granuloma756 Ossifying Fibroma, Jaw760 Juvenile Active Ossifying Fibroma764 Osteoma766 Osteoblastoma768 Ameloblastic Carcinoma770 Clear Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma772 Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma774 Ameloblastic Fibrosarcoma776 Osteosarcoma, Jaw780 Chondrosarcoma, Jaw786 Plasma Cell Myeloma, JawSECTION 8: EAR AND TEMPORAL BONE790 Ear792 Accessory Tragus794 Encephalocele796 First Branchial Cleft Anomaly800 Otitis Media802 Necrotizing Otitis Externa804 Chondrodermatitis Nodularis Chronica Helicis806 Otic Polyp808 Relapsing PolychondritisDEGENERATIVE 810 Cystic Chondromalacia (Auricular Pseudocyst)812 OtosclerosisMETABOLIC 814 Gout816 Exostosis818 KeloidDavid Cassarino, MD, PhD and Lester D. R. Thompson, MD820 Synovial Chondromatosis (Temporomandibular Joint)822 Ceruminous Adenoma826 Cholesteatoma830 Jugulotympanic Paraganglioma836 Vestibular Schwannoma840 Meningioma, Ear and Temporal Bone842 Epithelioid Hemangioma844 Middle Ear Neuroendocrine Tumor850 Endolymphatic Sac Tumor854 Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Ear and Temporal Bone856 Atypical Fibroxanthoma860 Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Ear and Temporal BoneLester D. R. Thompson, MD and David Cassarino, MD, PhD864 Basal Cell Carcinoma866 Merkel Cell Carcinoma870 Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans874 Ceruminous Adenocarcinoma878 Rhabdomyosarcoma, Ear and Temporal Bone882 Metastatic/Secondary Tumors, Ear and Temporal BoneSECTION 9: NECK (SOFT TISSUE ANDLYMPH NODES)886 Lymph Nodes888 Branchial Cleft Cyst894 Dermoid Cyst896 Cervical Thymic Cyst898 Bronchogenic Cyst900 Cat-Scratch Disease904 Bacillary Angiomatosis906 Mycobacterial Spindle Cell Pseudotumor908 Sarcoidosis910 Nodular Fasciitis912 Lymphangioma, Neck914 Lipoma916 Spindle Cell Lipoma918 Hibernoma920 Lipoblastoma922 Elastofibroma924 Perineurioma928 Fetal Rhabdomyoma932 Nuchal-Type Fibroma934 Branchioma (Ectopic Hamartomatous Thymoma)936 Carotid Body Paraganglioma942 Metastatic Cystic Squamous Cell Carcinoma948 Synovial Sarcoma954 Chordoma960 LiposarcomaSECTION 10: THYROID GLAND966 Thyroid Gland968 Thyroglossal Duct Cyst972 Ectopic Thyroid Gland974 Solid Cell Nests976 Dyshormonogenetic Goiter980 Infectious ThyroiditisINFLAMMATORY-IMMUNE DYSFUNCTION984 Palpation Thyroiditis986 Subacute Granulomatous Thyroiditis (de Quervain)992 Chronic Lymphocytic (Hashimoto) Thyroiditis998 Graves Disease (Diffuse Hyperplasia)1004 Amyloid Goiter1008 IgG4-Related Thyroiditis1010 Multinodular Hyperplasia1018 Pigments and Crystals in Thyroid Gland1020 Post Thyroid Biopsy Changes1024 C-Cell Hyperplasia (Physiologic)1026 Radiation Thyroiditis1028 Follicular Adenoma1034 Follicular Adenoma With Papillary Architecture1038 Oncocytic Follicular Adenoma1042 Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm With Papillary-Like Nuclei1046 Hyalinizing Trabecular Tumor1050 Thyroid Teratoma1054 Paraganglioma, Thyroid Gland1056 Solitary Fibrous Tumor, Thyroid Gland1060 Leiomyoma, Thyroid Gland1062 Schwannoma, Thyroid Gland1064 Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Thyroid Gland1068 Ovarian Thyroid Tissue1072 Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma1088 Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma1100 Oncocytic Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma1106 High-Grade Follicular-Derived Thyroid Carcinomas1114 Undifferentiated (Anaplastic) Thyroid Carcinoma1122 Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma1134 Thyroblastoma1136 Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma, Thyroid Gland1140 Sclerosing Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma With Eosinophilia1144 Cribriform Morular Thyroid Carcinoma1146 Spindle Epithelial Tumor With Thymus-Like Elements1150 Thymic Carcinoma Family Thyroid Tumors1154 Angiosarcoma, Thyroid Gland1158 Leiomyosarcoma, Thyroid Gland1162 Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor, Thyroid Gland1166 Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Thyroid Gland1170 Lymphoma, Thyroid Gland1180 Metastatic/Secondary Tumors, Thyroid GlandSPECIMEN EXAMINATION, THYROID GLAND 1186 Specimen Examination and Staging Tools, Thyroid GlandSECTION 11: PARATHYROID GLANDS1190 ParathyroidNONNEOPLASTIC 1192 Parathyroid Hyperplasia1200 Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism1201 Chronic Parathyroiditis1202 Parathyroid Adenoma1210 Parathyroid Carcinoma1216 Metastatic/Secondary Tumors, Parathyroid Glands

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