Composites for Environmental Engineering
Inbunden, Engelska, 2019
3 009 kr
Produktinformation
- Utgivningsdatum2019-10-11
- Mått10 x 10 x 10 mm
- Vikt454 g
- SpråkEngelska
- Antal sidor450
- FörlagJohn Wiley & Sons Inc
- EAN9781119555292
Tillhör följande kategorier
Shakeel Ahmed is working as an Assistant Professor in Chemistry at the Higher Education Department, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, India. He obtained his PhD in the area of biopolymers and bionanocomposites from Jamia Millia Islamia in the year 2016 and has published several research publications in the area of green nanomaterials and biopolymers for various applications including biomedical, packaging, sensors, and water treatment. He has 15 books to his credit by international publishers. His work has been cited more than 2000 times and with h-index of 16. Saif Ali Chaudhry is an inorganic chemist at the Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India, where he also obtained his PhD in Environmental (Water) Chemistry.
- Preface xvii1 Composites: Types, Method of Preparation and Application as An Emerging Tool for Environmental Remediation 1Bushra Fatima, Geetanjali Rathi, Rabia Ahmad and Saif Ali Chaudhry1.1 Introduction 21.2 Classification Based on Matrix 41.2.1 Metal Matrix Composites (MMC) 51.2.2 Methods for Synthesizing Metal-Matrix Composites 51.2.3 Bonding in Metal Matrix Composites 91.2.4 Applications of Metal Matrix Composites 101.3 Polymer Matrix Composites 101.3.1 Classification of Polymer Matrix Composites 121.3.2 Methods for Synthesizing of Polymer Composites 131.3.3 Bonding in Polymer Matrix Composites 151.3.4 Applications of Polymer Matrix Composites 161.4 Ceramic Matrix Composites 161.4.1 Methods for Synthesizing Ceramic Matrix Composites 171.4.2 Advantage of Ceramic Matrix Composites 181.4.3 Disadvantages of Ceramic Matrix Composites 181.4.4 Applications of Ceramic Matrix Composites 181.5 Classification Based on Reinforcement 191.5.1 Fiber-Reinforced Composites 191.5.2 Particle Reinforced Composites 201.5.3 Structural Reinforced Composites 201.6 Recent Advancement in Composites 211.6.1 Methods for Synthesizing Green Composites 221.6.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of Green Composites over Traditional Composites 221.6.3 Applications of Green Composites 221.7 Advantages of Composites 231.8 Disadvantages of Composites 231.9 Conclusion 241.10 Future Prospects 241.11 Acknowledgement 25References 252 Applications of Composites Materials for Environmental Aspects 33Pintu Pandit, Kunal Singha, Akshay Jadhav, T.N. Gayatri and Utpal Dhara2.1 Introduction 342.2 History of Composites for Eco-Friendly Engineering 352.3 Composites for Greenhouses 362.4 Polymers have been Reinforced by Fiber (FRP) for Greenhouse 362.4.1 Composites Employed in Controlling Humidity in the Home which is Green 362.4.2 Composite Films for Optical Transmission of Greenhouse 372.5 Composites Employed in Acoustic Applications 372.6 Natural Fiber Composites 402.6.1 Pretreatment of Natural Fiber 402.6.2 Factors Impacting on Bodily Functioning of Natural Fiber Composites 412.6.2.1 Fiber Selection 412.6.2.2 Matrix Selection 422.6.2.3 Interface Strength 422.6.2.4 Fiber Orientation 422.6.3 Jute-Coir Composites for Constructions 432.6.4 Bamboo Composites for Construction 432.7 Effective Factors for Low Frequency Acoustic Absorption 442.7.1 Fiber Size 442.7.2 Feed Size 452.7.3 Majority Density 452.7.4 Sample Layer Thickness 462.8 Composites Employed in Wind Energy 462.9 Composites Used in Wind Turbines 472.9.1 Impact of Wind Hit on the Composite Material 472.10 Composite Materials for the Marine Environment 482.11 Composite Materials for Aerospace Engineering 492.12 Composites Materials for Civil Engineering 502.13 Composite Materials Employed in Solar Energy Panels 502.14 Conclusions 51References 523 The Application of Mechano-Chemistry in Composite Preparation 57S. C. Onwubu, P. S. Mdluli, S. Singh, and M. U. Makgobole3.1 Introduction 573.2 The Science of Mechanochemistry 583.3 Brief History of Mechanochemistry Application 593.4 Mechanochemical Tools 603.5 Applications of Mechanochemistry in the Milling of Eggshell Powder 633.6 Conclusions 65References 664 Fiber-Reinforced Composites for Environmental Engineering 69Gayatri T. Nadathur, Pintu Pandit and Kunal Singha4.1 Introduction 694.2 Strength of FRC Materials 724.3 Composite Manufacturing 744.4 Environmental Sustainability of Composites 774.5 Green Composites 804.6 Composite Filtration Membranes/Media 854.7 Liquid (Water or Oil) Filtration Media 864.8 Air Filtration Media 884.9 Filtration/Separation of Oil-Water Liquid Mixtures 884.10 FRCs for Noise Reduction 914.11 Fire Resistant FRCs 924.12 Conclusions 94References 945 Polymer Nanocomposites: Alternative to Reduce Environmental Impact of Non-Biodegradable Food Packaging Materials 99Shiji Mathew and Radhakrishnan EK5.1 Introduction 995.2 Role of Food Packaging Materials 1015.3 Environmental Impact of Food Packaging 1025.4 Polymer Nanocomposites 1035.5 Biopolymers as Packaging Materials 1045.6 Advantages of Biopolymers 1055.7 Reinforcements used in Bionanocomposites 1065.7.1 Nanoclays-Layered Clays/Silicates 1065.7.2 Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles 1075.8 Bionanocomposites 1085.9 Polysaccharide-Based Bionanocomposites 1085.9.1 Starch-Based Packaging Material 1085.10 Protein-Based Bionanocomposites 1095.10.1 Gelatin Bionanocomposites 1105.11 Biodegradable Synthetic Polymers 1115.11.1 Polylactic Acid-Based Packaging Materials 1115.11.2 Poly (Vinyl) Alcohol-Based Packaging Materials 1125.12 Properties of Bionanocomposites 1135.12.1 Mechanical Properties 1155.12.2 Barrier Properties 1155.12.3 Thermal Properties 1175.12.4 Biodegradability 1175.13 Changes Occurring during Biodegradation Process 1195.14 Methods of Preparation of Bionanocomposites 1205.14.1 In Situ Polymerization 1205.14.2 Melt Intercalation Technique 1205.14.3 Solvent Casting 1215.15 Bionanocomposite Characterization 1215.16 Conclusions 123References 1246 Environmental Science and Engineering Applications of Polymer and Nanocellulose-Based Nanocomposites 135Niranjan Thondavada, Rajasekhar Chokkareddy, Nuthalapati Venkatasubba Naidu and G. G. Redhi6.1 Introduction 1366.2 Preparation of Polymer Nanocomposites 1376.2.1 Direct Compounding 1376.2.2 In-Situ Synthesis 1386.3 Environmental Applications of PNCs 1416.3.1 Catalytic and Redox Degradation of Pollutants 1416.4 Biocatalytic Nanocomposites 1426.4.1 Adsorption of Pollutants 1516.5 Preparation of Nanocellulose 1556.5.1 Nanocellulose-Based Nanocomposites 1586.5.2 Antimicrobial Filters 1626.5.3 Catalysis 1626.5.4 Energy Applications 1646.6 Conclusion 166References 1667 Nanocomposites of ZnO for Water Remediation 179Parita Basnet and Somenath Chatterjee7.1 Introduction 1807.2 Aqueous Pollutants 1827.3 Types of ZnO NCs 1847.3.1 M-ZnO NCs as Photocatalyst 1857.3.1.1 Metal Doped/Incorporated-ZnO NCs as Photocatalyst 1857.3.1.2 Metal Deposited-ZnO NCs as Photocatalyst 1887.3.2 Semiconductor-ZnO (S-ZnO) NCs as Photocatalyst 1917.3.3 Polymer-ZnO (P-ZnO) NCs as Photocatalyst 1937.3.4 Mixed Metal, Semiconductor and/or Polymer-ZnO NCs as Photocatalyst 1977.3.4.1 Bimetallic-ZnO NCs as Photocatalyst 1977.3.4.2 Metal-Semiconductor-ZnO (M-S-ZnO) NCs as Photocatalyst 1997.4 Other Applications Related to the Photocatalytic Activities of ZnO NCs 2017.5 Conclusion 2067.6 Acknowledgement 222References 2228 Degradation of Organic Compounds by the Applications of Metal Nanocomposites 235Iffat Zareen Ahmad and Mohammed Kuddus8.1 Introduction 2378.2 Metal Oxides Used in Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Wastewater 2448.2.1 Titanium Dioxide 2448.2.2 Graphene Oxide 2488.2.3 Zinc Oxide 2498.2.4 Cesium Oxide 2508.2.5 Silver Salts 2508.2.6 Bismuth Compounds 2518.2.7 Copper Compounds 2528.2.8 Gold Compounds 2548.3 Conclusion 255References 2569 Nanocomposites in Environmental Engineering 263Mohammad Nadeem Lone and Irshad A. Wani9.1 Introduction 2649.2 Polymeric Nanocomposites 2659.2.1 PNC’s as Catalysts and Redox Active Media 2659.2.2 PNC’s for Adsorption and Degradation of Pollutants 2859.3 Magnetic Polymer Based Nanocomposites 2879.3.1 Types of Magnetic Nanocomposites 2879.3.1.1 Type I: Inorganic Core Shell Nanocomposites 2879.3.1.2 Type II: Self Assembled Colloidal Nanocomposites 2889.3.1.3 Type III: Organic–Inorganic Nanocomposites 2889.3.2 Synthesis of Magnetic Nanocomposites (MNC’s) 2899.3.2.1 Ex-Situ Synthesis 2899.3.2.2 In-Situ Synthesis 2909.3.3 Environmental Applications 2949.3.3.1 Elimination of Heavy Metals 2949.3.3.2 Elimination of Toxic Dyes and Effluents 2979.3.3.3 Removal of Oil from Water 2989.4 Future Perspectives and Conclusion 299References 30010 Bio-Composites from Food Wastes 319Pintu Choudhary, Priyanga Suriyamoorthy, J. A. Moses and C. Anandharamakrishnan10.1 Introduction 31910.2 Vegetables Waste 32610.3 Fruit Waste 32910.4 Coffee and Tea Waste 33210.5 Animal-Based Food Waste 33310.6 Food Grain Waste 337References 33911 Properties of Food Packaging Biocomposites and Its Impact on Environment 347K.S. Yoha, M. Maria Leena, J.A. Moses and C. Anandharamakrishnan11.1 Introduction 34811.2 Importance of Food Packaging 35011.3 Packaging Materials Impact on Environment 35111.4 Risks of Elemental Migration from Packaging Material 35211.4.1 Contact Migration 35411.4.2 Non-Contact Migration 35511.5 Selection of Food Packaging Material 35511.6 Biodegradable Polymers 35611.6.1 Polysaccharides 35811.6.1.1 Sugar-Based Biopolymers 35811.6.1.2 Starch-Based Biopolymers 35811.6.1.3 Cellulose-Based Biopolymers 35911.6.1.4 Pectin 35911.6.2 Proteins 36011.6.2.1 Collagen 36011.6.2.2 Casein 36111.6.2.3 Zein 36111.6.2.4 Gluten 36211.6.3 Seaweed Polymers 36211.6.4 Plants Seed Mucilage 36611.6.5 Micro-Organisms Synthesized Biopolymers 36711.6.5.1 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) 36711.6.5.2 Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) 36711.6.5.3 Polyhydroxybutyrate-Co-Hydroxyvalerate (PHBV) 36811.6.6 Bio-Derived Synthetic Polymers 36811.6.6.1 Poly-Lactic Acid (PLA) 36811.6.6.2 Poly Glycolic Acid (PGA) 36911.6.6.3 Poly-Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) 37011.7 Bio-Based Polymeric Composite Materials 37011.7.1 Starch-Based Composites 37011.7.2 Poly(Hydroxyalkanoate)-Based Composites 37111.8 Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Composites 37111.9 Surface Modifications of Biocomposites 37211.10 Conclusion 373References 37412 Environmentally Benign Protocols for the Synthesis of Transition Metal Oxide: A Brief Outlook 383Neha D. Desai, Kishorkumar V. Khot, Tukaram D. Dongale, Atul Khot and Popatrao N. Bhosale12.1 Introduction 38412.2 Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) 38512.2.1 Introduction 38512.2.2 Method of Synthesis 38712.2.3 Experimental of TiO2 Thin Film 38912.2.4 Results and Discussions 38912.3 Molybdenum Trioxide (MoO3) 39212.3.1 Introduction 39212.3.2 Experimental 39412.3.3 Growth Mechanism 39512.3.4 Structural Analysis 39612.4 Zinc Oxide (ZnO) 39812.4.1 Introduction 39812.4.2 Experimental 40012.4.3 TiO2 Memristor Devices 40412.4.4 ZnO Memristor Devices 406References 409Index 421