Carbon-based Solids and Materials

Pierre Delhaes is an emeritus research director at the Paul Pascal research center, CNRS and University of Bordeaux, France. He was President of the French Carbon group (1994-2000) and the first spokesman of the European Carbon Association.

• Introduction xiiiPART 1. CARBON PHASES, PRECURSORS AND PARENT COMPOUNDS 1Chapter 1. A Historical Overview 31.1. The alchemy of carbon 31.2. Elemental carbon and its allotropic varieties 51.3. Novel molecular varieties 71.4. Natural forms 91.5. Contribution from quantum mechanics 141.6. Conclusion 211.7. Bibliography 21Chapter 2. Polymorphism of Crystalline Phases 252.1. Thermodynamic stability and phase diagram 252.2. Classical forms of carbon 372.3. Molecular and exotic forms 432.4. State of the art and conclusion 532.5. Bibliography 54Chapter 3. Non-Crystalline Carbons 613.1. Reminder about defects and imperfections in networks 623.2. Thermodynamic approach and the classification of solids 703.3. Fabrication and characterization techniques 813.4. Conclusion 923.5. Bibliography 93Chapter 4. Derivative Compounds and Analogs 974.1. Doping carbons and solid solutions 984.2. 2D and 3D analog compounds 1114.3. Similar materials 1164.4. Conclusion 1184.5. Bibliography 118Chapter 5. From Aromatic Precursors to the Graphene Plane 1275.1. Condensed polyaromatic systems 1285.2. The graphene plane 1515.3. Current situation and conclusion 1605.4. Bibliography 160PART 2. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOLID CARBONS 169Chapter 6. General Structural Properties 1716.1. Elastic and mechanic properties 1726.2. Thermal properties 1886.3. Conclusion 2076.4. Bibliography 208Chapter 7. Electronic Structures and Magnetic Properties 2177.1. Electronic band structures 2187.2. Static magnetic properties 2277.3. Electron spin (or paramagnetic) resonance 2407.4. NMR 2527.5. Conclusion 2557.6. Bibliography 256Chapter 8. Electronic Transport Properties 2658.1. Electrical conductivity 2708.2. Galvanomagnetic properties 2938.3. Thermoelectric properties 3058.4. Conclusion 3108.5. Bibliography 310Chapter 9. Optical Properties and their Applications 3219.1. Properties in linear optics 3259.2. Nonlinear and photo-induced properties 3449.3. Analysis methods and applications 3519.4. Conclusion 3589.5. Bibliography 358Chapter 10. Vibrational Properties 36910.1. Phonon spectra in crystalline phases 37010.2. Specific characteristics of Raman scattering 38310.3. Data from infrared spectroscopy 39410.4. Conclusion 39910.5. Bibliography 400PART 3. CARBON MATERIALS AND USES 409Chapter 11. Surface and Interface Phenomena 41111.1. Physical-chemistry characteristics 41211.2. Electric and electrochemical aspects 42911.3. Solid interfaces, tribology and mechano-chemical effects 43911.4. Conclusion 44911.5. Bibliography 450Chapter 12. Chemical Reactivity and Surface Treatment 46112.1. Oxidation reactions 46312.2. Hydrogenation and halogenation reactions 48012.3. Surface treatment and heterogenous catalysis 48612.4. Conclusion 49212.5. Bibliography 492Chapter 13. Divided and Porous Carbons 50313.1. General presentation of heterogenous carbons 50413.2. Properties of porous carbons 51613.3. Competition between chemical reactions and diffusion 53313.4. Conclusion 54013.5. Bibliography 541Chapter 14. Carbon Filaments, Composites and Heterogenous Media 55314.1. Carbon filaments 55414.2. Role in composite materials 56314.3. Random heterogenous media 57214.4. Conclusion 58114.5. Bibliography 581Chapter 15. Use of Carbon Materials 59115.1. Sensing applications and nanoelectronics  59215.2. Carbon for energy 59615.3. Thermostructural composites and transport 61015.4 Carbons for chemistry and environmental problems 61515.5. Biocarbons 61815.6. General conclusion 62115.7. Bibliography 621Main Signs and Symbols 631List of Basic Boxes 634Index 635