Volume 19, Tome VII: Kierkegaard Bibliography

Peter Šajda is Associate Professor at the Institute of Philosophy at the Slovak Academy of Sciences.Jon Stewart is Associate Professor at the Søren Kierkegaard Research Centre at the University of Copenhagen, Denmark.

• Ibn Arabi (1165 – 1240) – Andalusian philosopherHenrik Ibsen (1828 – 1906) – Norwegian playwright and poetIgnatius of Loyola (1491 – 1556) – Spanish religious authorIvan Illich (1926 – 2002) – Austrian philosopherNitobe Inazō (1862 – 1933) – Japanese author and politicianMuhammad Iqbal (1877 – 1938) – Indian poet and philosopherIrenaeus (2nd century AD – c. 202) – Christian theologian Luce Irigaray (1930 – ) – French feminist authorHans Iwand (1899 – 1960) – German theologian Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi (1743 – 1819) – German philosopherJens Peter Jacobsen (1847 – 1885) – Danish writerFrank Jæger (1926 – 1977) – Danish poetJames – Biblical figure (New Testament)Henry James (1843(1843-04-15) – 1916(1916-02-28)) American-British writerWilliam James (1842 – 1910) – American philosopherVladimir Jankélévitch (1903 – 1985) – French philosopherKarl Jaspers (1883 – 1969) – German philosopherJean Paul (1763 – 1825) – German writer Jeppe of the Mountain – literary figure (Ludvig Holberg)Jeremiah – Biblical figure (Old Testament)Job – Biblical figure (Old Testament) John of the Cross (1542 – 1591) – Spanish mystic and authorJohn the Evangelist – Biblical figure (New Testament)Gisle Christian Johnson (1822 – 1894) – Norwegian theologianJames Joyce (1882 – 1941) – Irish writer and poetCarl Gustav Jung (1875 – 1961) – Swiss psychiatristFranz Kafka (1883 – 1924) – German writer Immanuel Kant (1724 – 1804) – German philosopher Uchimura Kanzo (1861 – 1930) – Japanese author and religious activistLev Platonovich Karsavin (1882 – 1952) – Russian philosopherRudolf Kassner (1873 – 1959) – Austrian writerWalter Kaufmann (1921 – 1980) – German-American philosopherNikos Kazantzakis (1883 – 1957) – Greek writerJohn Keats (1795 – 1821) – English poetRuhollah Khomeini (1902 – 1989) – Iranian religious leader and politicianHarald Kidde (1878 – 1918) – Danish writerMichael P. Kierkegaard (1756 – 1838) – Søren Kierkegaard’s fatherPeter Christian Kierkegaard (1805 – 1888) – Danish theologian Martin Luther King Jr. (1929 – 1968) – American civil rights activistKing Lear – literary figure (Shakespeare)Thomas Hansen Kingo (1634 – 1703) – Danish religious writerCharles Kingsley (1819 – 1875) – British historian and writerOle Lund Kirkegaard (1940 – 1979) – Danish writer Jan Kjærstad (1953 – ) – Norwegian authorHeinrich von Kleist (1777 – 1811) – German poet and dramatistNiels Klim – literary figure (Ludvig Holberg)Ivan Klíma (1931 – ) – Czech writer and dramatistHideo Kobayashi (1902 – 1983) – Japanese criticEdvard Kocbek (1904 – 1981) – Slovenian poet and writerWolfgang Koeppen (1906 – 1996) – German authorH.P. Kofoed-Hansen (1813 – 1893) – Danish priest and authorHeinz Kohut (1913 – 1981) – Austrian-American psychologistLeszek Kołakowski (1927 – 2009) – Polish philosopherJ.L.A. Kolderup-Rosenvinge (1792 – 1850) – Danish historian of lawSándor Koncz (1913 – 1983) – Hungarian theologianAbraham Isaac Kook (1865 – 1935) – Jewish theologianDezső Kosztolányi (1885 – 1934) – Hungarian writerSiegfried Kracauer (1889 – 1966) – German philosopherZygmunt Krasiński (1812 – 1859) – Polish poetKarl Kraus (1874 – 1936) – Austrian writer and journalistJulia Kristeva (1941 – ) – Bulgarian-French philosopher and criticKarel Kryl (1944 – 1994) – Czech singer and activistMilan Kundera (1929 – ) – Czech writerHermann Kutter (1863 – 1931) – Swiss theologianJacques Lacan (1901 – 1981) – French psychiatrist and philosopherChoderlos de Laclos (1741 – 1803) – French writerLady Macbeth – literary figure (Shakespeare)Paul de Lagarde (1827 – 1891) – German orientalist and philosopherPär Lagerkvist (1891 – 1974) – Swedish authorSelma Lagerlöf (1858 – 1940) – Swedish writerRonald Laing (1927 – 1989) – Scottish psychiatristAlphonse de Lamartine (1790 – 1869) – French writerHugues-Félicité Robert de Lamennais (1782 – 1854) – French philosopher and writerGustav A. Lammers (1802 – 1878) – Norwegian religious leaderEllen Langer (1947 – ) – American psychologistComte de Lautréamont (1846 – 1870) – French poetLazarus – Biblical figure (New Testament)Victor Leemans (1901 – 1971) – Belgian sociologist and politicianOrla Lehmann (1810 – 1870) – Danish politicianGottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646 – 1716) – German philosopherYeshayahu Leibowitz (1903 – 1994) – Israeli philosopherStanisław Lem (1921 – 2006) – Polish writerNikolaus Lenau (1802 – 1850) – Austrian writerAleksei Leontiev (1903 – 1979) – Russian psychologistGiacomo Leopardi (1798 – 1837) – Italian poet and writerMikhail Lermontov (1814 – 1841) – Russian writer and poetGotthold Ephraim Lessing (1729 – 1781) – German philosopherPrimo Levi (1919 – 1987) – Italian Jewish writerEmmanuel Lévinas (1906 – 1995) – French Jewish philosopher C.S. Lewis (1898 – 1963) – British authorLi Bai (701 – 762) – Chinese poetGeorg Christoph Lichtenberg (1742 – 1799) – German scientist and writerAlphonsus Maria de’ Liguori (1696 – 1787) – Italian poet and theologianPeter Engel Lind (1814 – 1903) – Danish theologian and writerJacob Christian Lindberg (1797 – 1857) – Danish theologian and philologistTorgny Lindgren (1938 – ) – Swedish writerValter Lindström (1907 – 1991) – Swedish theologianGilles Lipovetsky (1944 – ) – French philosopherClarice Lispector (1920 – 1977) – Brazilian writerFerenc Liszt (1811 – 1886) – Hungarian composerLivy (c. 59 BC – c. 17 AD) – Roman historianJohn Locke (1632 – 1704) – English philosopherDavid Lodge (1935 – ) – British writerKnud Ejler Løgstrup (1905 – 1981) – Danish theologian and philosopher Loki – literary figure (Norse mythology)Franco Lombardi (1906 – 1989) – Italian philosopherBernard Lonergan (1904 – 1984) – Canadian philosopher and theologianFederico García Lorca (1898 – 1936) – Spanish poet and playwrightRobert Lowell (1917 – 1977) – American poetHarriet Löwenhjelm (1887 – 1918) – Swedish artist and poetKarl Löwith (1897 – 1973) – German philosopherMalcolm Lowry (1909 – 1957) – English poet and writerLu Xun (1881 – 1936) – Chinese writerHenri de Lubac (1896 – 1991) – French theologianLucinde – literary figure (Friedrich Schlegel)Niklas Luhmann (1927 – 1998) – German sociologist György Lukács (1885 – 1971) – Hungarian philosopherJohan Thomas Lundbye (1818 – 1848) – Danish painterMartin Luther (1483 – 1546) – German theologianManuel Machado (1874 – 1947) – Spanish poet and playwrightAlasdair MacIntyre (1929 – ) – British philosopherJohn Alexander Mackay (1889 – 1983) – American theologianHugh Ross Mackintosh (1870 – 1936) – Scottish theologianJohn Macquarrie (1919 – 2007) – Scottish theologianImre Madách (1823 – 1864) – Hungarian writer and poetSvend Åge Madsen (1939 – ) – Danish writerJohan Nicolai Madvig (1804 – 1886) – Danish philologistGustav Mahler (1860 – 1911) – Austrian composerNorman Mailer (1923 – 2007) – American author Henri Maldiney (1912 – 2013) – French philosopherStéphane Mallarmé (1842 – 1898) – French poet and criticAndré Malraux (1901 – 1976) – French authorThomas Mann (1875 – 1955) – German writerHenry Edward Manning (1808 – 1892) – English clergymanKiyozawa Manshi (1863 – 1903) – Japanese religious thinkerGabriel Marcel (1889 – 1973) – French philosopherMarcus Aurelius (121 – 180) – Roman philosopherHerbert Marcuse (1898 – 1979) – German philosopherMargarete – literary figure (Goethe’s Faust)Philipp K. Marheineke (1780 – 1846) – German theologianJean-Luc Marion (1946 – ) – French philosopherJacques Maritain (1882 – 1973) – French philosopherOdo Marquard (1928 – 2015) – German philosopher Hans Lassen Martensen (1808 – 1884) – Danish theologian Karl Marx (1818 – 1883) – German philosopher Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk (1850 – 1937) – Czech politician and philosopherNoboru Matsushita (1936 – 1996) – Japanese activistRollo May (1909 – 1994) – American psychologistJohn McDowell (1942 – ) – South African philosopherHerbert Marshall McLuhan (1911 – 1980) – Canadian philosopher and critic J.M.E. McTaggart (1866 – 1925) – British philosopherGeorge Herbert Mead (1863 – 1931) – American philosopher and sociologistMelissus of Samos (5th century BC) – Greek philosopherDonald Meltzer (1922 – 2004) – American psychoanalystHerman Melville (1819 – 1891) – American writerAdolph von Menzel (1815 – 1905) – German painterMephistopheles – literary figure (Goethe’s Faust)Prosper Mérimée (1803 – 1870) – French writerMaurice Merleau-Ponty (1908 – 1961) – French philosopherThomas Merton (1915 – 1968) – Anglo-American theologianKiyoshi Miki (1897 – 1945) – Japanese philosopherCzesław Miłosz (1911 – 2004) – Polish poet and writerJohn Milton (1608 – 1674) – English poetMinerva – literary figure (Greek mythology)Kozo Mitsuchi (1868 – 1924) – Japanese authorMichel de Montaigne (1533 – 1592) – French philosopherChristian Molbech (1783 – 1857) – Danish historian and literary scholarMolière (1622 – 1673) – French playwrightPeder Ludvig Møller (1814 – 1865) – Danish criticPoul Martin Møller (1794 – 1838) – Danish poet and philosopherJürgen Moltmann (1926 – ) – German theologianDitlev Gothard Monrad (1811 – 1887) – Danish theologian and politicianG.E. Moore (1873 – 1958) – English philosopherKarl Philipp Moritz (1756 – 1793) – German writerEmmanuel Mounier (1905 – 1950) – French philosopherMoses – Biblical figure (Old Testament)Mother Teresa (1910 – 1997) – Albanian religious activistWolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 – 1791) – Austrian composer Mulla Sadra (c. 1571/2 – 1640) – Persian philosopher and theologianJulius Müller (1801 – 1878) – German theologianEdvard Munch (1863 – 1944) – Norwegian painter Münchhausen – literary figure (from works by Gottfried August Bürger and others)Kaj Munk (1898 – 1944) – Danish playwright and activist Iris Murdoch (1919 – 1999) – British author and philosopherRobert Musil (1880 – 1942) – Austrian writerJacob Peter Mynster (1775 – 1854) – Danish theologian and bishopVladimir Nabokov (1899 – 1977) – Russian-American writerNachman of Bratslav (1772 – 1810) – Jewish religious thinkerPéter Nádas (1942 – ) – Hungarian writer and dramatistNebuchadnezzar – Biblical figure (Old Testament)Nemesis – literary figure (Greek mythology)Cornelius Nepos (c. 100 – c. 25 BC) – Roman writer Nero (37 – 68 AD) – Roman EmperorJohn Henry Newman (1801 – 1890) – British theologianReinhold Niebuhr (1892 – 1971) – American theologianMichael Nielsen (1776 – 1846) – Danish teacher and educatorRasmus Nielsen (1809 – 1884) – Danish philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche (1844 – 1900) – German philosopher Jacob Nieuwenhuis (1777 – 1857) – Dutch theologian and philosopherKitaro Nishida (1870 – 1945) – Japanese philosopherSigurður Nordal (1886 – 1974) – Icelandic writerCyprian Norwid (1821 – 1883) – Polish poet and writerNovalis (1772 – 1801) – German writer and philosopherMartha Nussbaum (1947 – ) – American philosopherAnders Nygren (1890 – 1978) – Swedish theologianWilliam of Ockham (c. 1287 – 1347) – English philosopher and theologianFlannery O’Connor (1925 – 1964) – American writerAdam Oehlenschläger (1779 – 1850) – Danish poetHajime Ohnishi (1864 – 1900) – Japanese philosopher and educatorKristoffer Olesen Larsen (1899 – 1964) – Danish theologian Regine Olsen (1822 – 1904) – Søren Kierkegaard’s fiancéeEugene O’Neill (1888 – 1953) – American playwrightOrigen (184/5 – 253/4) – Christian theologianHans Christian Ørsted (1777 – 1851) – Danish scientistJosé Ortega y Gasset (1883 – 1955) – Spanish philosopherGeorge Orwell (1903 – 1950) – English authorRudolf Otto (1869 – 1937) – German theologianGene Outka (1937 – ) – American theologian and philosopherFranz Overbeck (1837 – 1905) – German theologianOvid (43 BC – 17/18 AD) – Roman poetGregory Palamas (1296 – 1359) – Greek theologianFrederik Paludan-Müller (1809 – 1896) – Danish poetWolfhart Pannenberg (1928 – ) – German theologianAlexandros Papadiamantis (1851 – 1911) – Greek writerPapageno – literary figure (Mozart’s The Magic Flute)Luigi Pareyson (1918 – 1991) – Italian philosopherBlaise Pascal (1623 – 1662) – French philosopherBoris Pasternak (1890 – 1960) – Russian poet and writerPaul (c. 5 AD – c. 67 AD) – Biblical figure (New Testament)Just H.V. Paulli (1809 – 1865) – Danish pastorOlaf Pedersen (1920 – 1997) – Danish philosopher and historian of ideasCharles Péguy (1873 – 1914) – French poet and writerPelagius (c. 354 – c. AD 420/440) – Christian theologianIsaac Penington (1616 – 1679) – English religious authorPer Degn – literary figure (Ludvig Holberg’s Erasmus Montanus)Walker Percy (1916 – 1990) – American writerFernando Pessoa (1888 – 1935) – Portuguese poet and writerPeter (c. 1 BC – c. 67 AD) – Biblical figure (New Testament)Frederik Christian Petersen (1786 – 1859) – Danish filologist and archeologistErik Peterson (1890 – 1960) – German theologianPetrarch (1304 – 1374) – Italian writerD.Z. Phillips (1934 – 2006) – British philosopherJoachim Ludvig Phister (1807 – 1896) – Danish actorPablo Picasso (1881 – 1973) – Spanish painterJános Pilinszky (1921 – 1981) – Hungarian poetPindar (c. 522 – c. 443 BC) – Greek poetHarold Pinter (1930 – 2008) – English playwrightLuigi Pirandello (1867 – 1936) – Italian dramatist and writerAlvin Plantinga (1932 – ) – American philosopherPlato (424/423 BC – 348/347 BC) – Greek philosopherPlotinus (205 – 270) – Greco-Roman philosopherCarl Ploug (1813 – 1894) – Danish poet and politicianPlutarch (c. 46 – 120 AD) – Greek writerMichael Polanyi (1891 – 1976) – Hungarian-British scientist and philosopherHenrik Pontoppidan (1857 – 1943) – Danish writerEzra Pound (1885 – 1972) – American poet and criticPrometheus – literary figure (Greek mythology)Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (1809 – 1865) – French philosopher and politicianMarcel Proust (1871 – 1922) – French writerErich Przywara (1889 – 1972) – German theologian and philosopherGiacomo Puccini (1858 – 1924) – Italian composerKarl Rahner (1904 – 1984) – German theologianRamānujā (1017 – 1137) – Indian philosopher and theologianGraciliano Ramos de Oliveira (1892 – 1953) – Brazilian writerFrank P. Ramsey (1903 – 1930) – British mathematician and philosopherOtto Rank (1884 – 1939) – Austrian psychoanalyst and writerJohn Rawls (1921 – 2002) – American philosopherCharles Bernard Renouvier (1815 – 1903) - French philosopherGiuseppe Rensi (1871 – 1941) – Italian philosopherRichard III – literary figure (Shakespeare)Samuel Richardson (1689 – 1761) – English writerPaul Ricoeur (1913 – 2005) – French philosopher Rainer Maria Rilke (1875 – 1926) – Bohemian-Austrian poetArthur Rimbaud (1854 – 1891) – French poetAlain Robbe-Grillet (1922 – 2008) – French writer and filmmakerRobert le diable – literary figure (medieval folklore)Carl Rogers (1902 – 1987) – American psychologistOle Rølvaag (1876 – 1931) – American writerRichard Rorty (1931 – 2007) – American philosopherGillian Rose (1947 – 1995) – British philosopherKarl Rosenkranz (1805 – 1879) – German philosopherFranz Rosenzweig (1886 – 1929) – Jewish theologian and philosopherAntonio Rosmini-Serbati 1797 – 1855) – Italian philosopherChristina Rossetti (1830 – 1894) – English poetMark Rothko (1903 – 1970) – American painterDenis de Rougemont (1906 – 1985) – Swiss writerJean-Jacques Rousseau (1712 – 1778) – Genevan philosopherJosiah Royce (1855 – 1916) – American philosopherJ.K. Rowling (1965 – ) – British writerVasily Rozanov (1856 – 1919) – Russian writer and philosopherMurilo Rubião (1916 – 1991) – Brazilian writer Andreas Gottlob Rudelbach (1792 – 1862) – Dano-German theologianArnold Ruge (1802 – 1880) – German philosopherRumi (1207 – 1273) – Persian poet and mysticPentti Saarikoski (1937 – 1983) – Finnish poetErnesto Sabato (1911 – 2011) – Argentine writerMiltos Sachtouris (1919 – 2005) – Greek poetPinhas Sadeh (1929 – 1994) – Israeli writer and poetJerome David Salinger (1919 – 2010) – American authorSallust (86 – 35 BC) – Roman historian Tom Sandell (1936 – ) – Finnish-Swedish writerGeorge Santayana (1863 – 1952) – American philosopherJosé Saramago (1922 – 2010) – Portuguese writerJean-Paul Sartre (1905 – 1980) – French philosopher Alfonso Sastre (1936 – ) – Spanish authorHieronimus Savonarola (1452 – 1498) – Italian theologianFrancis Schaeffer (1912 – 1984) – American theologian and philosopherShaftesbury (1671 – 1713) – English philosopherMax Scheler (1874 – 1928) – German philosopherF.W.J. Schelling (1775 – 1854) – German philosopherFriedrich Schiller (1759 – 1805) – German poet and playwrightKarl Friedrich Schinkel (1781 – 1841) – German architect and painterFriedrich Schlegel (1772 – 1829) – German writer and philosopher Friedrich Schleiermacher (1768 – 1834) – German philosopher and theologianCarl Schmitt (1888 – 1985) – German philosopherReinhold Schneider (1903 – 1958) – German writerArthur Schnitzler (1862 – 1931) – Austrian author and dramatist Sophie Scholl (1921 – 1943) – German political activistArthur Schopenhauer (1788 – 1860) – German philosopherChristoph Schrempf (1860 – 1944) – German theologian and philosopher Henning Schröer (1931 – 2002) – German theologianGotthilf Heinrich Schubert (1780 – 1860) – German physician and naturalistRobert Schumann (1810 – 1856) – German composerAlbert Schweitzer (1875 – 1965) – German theologian and philosopher Martin Scorsese (1942 – ) – American directorDuns Scotus (c. 1266 – 1308) – Scottish philosopher and theologianEugène Scribe (1791 – 1861) – French dramatistLucius Annaeus Seneca (ca. 4 BC – 65 AD) – Roman philosopherWilliam Shakespeare (1654 – 1716) – English poet and playwright Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792 – 1822) – English poetRichard Brinsley Sheridan (1751 – 1816) – Irish playwright Lev Shestov (1866 – 1938) – Russian philosopherRinzō Shiina (1911 – 1973) – Japanese writer and playwrightShinran (1173 – 1263) – Japanese spiritual authorFrederik Christian Sibbern (1785 – 1872) – Danish philosopherJean Sibelius (1865 – 1957) – Finnish composerSimeon and Anna – Biblical figures (New Testament)Georg Simmel (1858 – 1918) – German sociologist and philosopherBirger Sjöberg (1885 – 1929) – Swedish poetGregory Skovoroda (1722 – 1794) – Ukrainian and Russian philosopher and poetMijo Škvorc (1919 – 1989) – Croatian theologian and philosopher Johannes Sløk (1916 – 2001) – Danish theologian and philosopher Peter Sloterdijk (1947 – ) – German philosopherJuliusz Słowacki (1809 – 1849) – Polish poetAdam Smith (1723 – 1790) – Scottish philosopher and economistJoseph Smith (1805 – 1844) – American religious leaderJohan Vilhelm Snellman (1806 – 1881) – Finnish philosopher and writerSocrates (469 – 399 BC) – Greek philosopherHjalmar Söderberg (1869 – 1941) – Swedish writer K.W.F. Solger (1780 – 1819) – German philosopher and philologistSolomon – Biblical figure (Old Testament)Joseph B. Soloveitchik (1903 – 1993) – Jewish theologian and philosopherSophocles (c. 497/6 BC – 406/5 BC) – Greek playwright Villy Sørensen (1929 – 2001) – Danish writer and philosopherNatsume Sōseki (1867 – 1916) – Japanese writerErnesto de Sousa (1921 – 1988) – Portuguese criticPhilipp Jacob Spener (1635 – 1705) – German theologianBaruch de Spinoza (1632 – 1677) – Dutch Jewish philosopherWalter Terence Stace (1886 – 1967) – British philosopherHenrik Stangerup (1937 – 1998) – Danish writerHenrik Steffens (1773 – 1845) – Danish philosopherGeorge Steiner (1929 – ) – American writer and criticStendhal (1783 – 1842) – French writerLaurence Sterne (1713 – 1768) – English writerCharlotte Stieglitz (1806 – 1834) – English writerAdalbert Stifter (1805 – 1868) – Austrian writer and poetPeter Michael Stilling (1812 – 1869) – Danish philosopher Max Stirner (1806 – 1856) – German philosopherBotho Strauß (1944 – ) – German playwright and writerDavid Friedrich Strauss (1808 – 1874) – German philosopher and theologianLeo Strauss (1899 – 1973) – German-American philosopherAugust Strindberg (1849 – 1912) – Swedish writer and dramatistWilliam Styron (1925 – 2006) – American writerSuetonius (ca. 69/75 – after 130) – Roman historianSu-un (1824 – 1864) – Korean religious thinkerDaisetsu Suzuki (1870 – 1966) – Japanese Buddhist philosopherEmanuel Swedenborg (1688 – 1772) – Swedish philosopher and theologianRichard Swinburne (1934 – ) – British philosopherTacitus (56 AD – 117 AD) – Roman historianRabindranath Tagore (1861 – 1941) – Bengali authorKatsumi Takizawa (1909 – 1984) – Japanese philosopherHajime Tanabe (1885 – 1962) – Japanese philosopherGabriel Tarde (1843 – 1904) – French sociologistAndrei Tarkovsky (1932 – 1986) – Russian film director Jacob Taubes (1923 – 1987) – Jewish philosopher and sociologistJohannes Tauler (c. 1300 – 1361) – German mysticSándor Tavaszy (1888 – 1951) – Hungarian writer and theologianCharles Taylor (1931 – ) – Canadian philosopherAlfred Tennyson (1809 – 1892) – English poetTerence (195/185 – 159 BC) – Roman playwrightGerhard Tersteegen (1697 – 1769) – German religious writer Tertullian (c. 160 – c. 220 AD) – Christian theologianThérèse of Lisieux (1873 – 1897) – French religious author Michael Theunissen (1932 – 2015) – German philosopherHelmut Thielicke (1908 – 1986) – German theologian Valdemar Thisted (1815 – 1887) – Danish writerAugust Tholuck (1799 – 1877) – German theologian Thomas à Kempis (c. 1380 – 1471) – religious writerGrímur Thomsen (1820 – 1896) – Icelandic poetHenry David Thoreau (1817 – 1862) – American author and philosopherEduard Thurneysen (1888 – 1974) – Swiss theologian Ludwig Tieck (1773 – 1853) – German poetPaul Tillich (1886 – 1965) – German-American theologian and philosopherTirso de Molina (1579 – 1648) – Spanish dramatist and poetJózef Tischner (1931 – 2000) – Polish philosopherKitamura Tokoku (1868 – 1894) – Japanese poet and thinkerLeo Tolstoy (1828 – 1910) – Russian writerTeodor Traianov (1882 – 1945) – Bulgarian poetFriedrich Adolf Trendelenburg (1802 – 1872) – German philosopherLars von Trier (1956 – ) – Danish film directorTroels Frederik Troels-Lund (1840 – 1921) – Danish historianErnst Troeltsch (1865 – 1923) – German theologian and philosopherEggert Christopher Tryde (1781 – 1860) – Danish pastorErnst Tugendhat (1930 – ) – German philosopherMark Twain (1835 – 1910) – American authorTyphon – literary figure (Greek mythology)Carl Ullmann (1796 – 1865) – German theologianMiguel de Unamuno (1864 – 1936) – Spanish philosopherJohn Updike (1932 – 2009) – American writer and criticValerius Maximus (1st century AD) – Roman writerPaul Valéry (1871 – 1945) – French poet and philosopherCésar Vallejo (1892 – 1938) – Peruvian poetClaude van de Berge (1945 – ) – Flemish poet and writerA.F.Th. van der Heiden (1951 – ) – Dutch writerJohan van der Hoeven (1932 – 2015) – Dutch philosopherCornelius Van Til (1895 – 1987) – Dutch philosopher and theologianRaymond Vancourt (1902 – 1978) – French priest and philosopherGuy Vanderhaeghe (1951 – ) – Canadian writerGianni Vattimo (1936 – ) – Italian philosopherEmile Verhaeren (1855 – 1916) – Belgian poetAlfred de Vigny (1797 – 1863) – French poet and playwrightAlexandre Rodolphe Vinet (1797 – 1847) – Swiss critic and theologianVirgil (70 – 19 BC) – Roman poetSwami Vivekananda (1863 – 1902) – Bengali religious leaderEric Voegelin (1901 – 1985) – German American philosopherVoltaire (1694 – 1778) – French philosopher and writerWilhelm Heinrich Wackenroder (1773 – 1798) – German writerRichard Wagner (1813 – 1883) – German composerJean Wahl (1888 – 1974) – French philosopherDavid Foster Wallace (1962 – 2008) – American writerMartin Walser (1927 – ) – German writerWandering Jew (Ahasverus) – literary figure (medieval folklore)Robert Penn Warren (1905 – 1989) – American poet and writerTetsuro Watsuji (1889 – 1960) – Japanese philosopher Max Weber (1864 – 1920) – German sociologistSimone Weil (1909 – 1943) – French philosopherJohan Welhaven (1807 – 1873) – Norwegian writer Karl Werder (1806 – 1893) – German philosopherJohan Herman Wessel (1742 – 1785) – Norwegian-Danish poetCornel West (1953 – ) – American philosopher and criticAlfred Whitehead (1861 – 1947) – English philosopher and mathematicianJohann Hinrich Wichern (1808 – 1881) – German theologianCarl-Henning Wijkmark (1934 – ) – Swedish writer and criticPontus Wikner (1837 – 1888) – Swedish philosopher and writerOscar Wilde (1854 – 1900) – Irish playwright and writerThornton Wilder (1897 – 1975) – American playwright and novelistChristian Winther (1796 – 1876) – Danish poetStanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz (1885 – 1939) – Polish writer and philosopherLudwig Wittgenstein (1889 – 1951) – Austrian philosopher Gabriele Wohmann (1932 – 2015) – German writerMary Wollstonecraft (1759 – 1797) – English writer and philosopherRichard Wright (1908 – 1960) – American authorPeter Wust (1884 – 1940) – German philosopherWilliam Wycherley (c. 1640 – 1715) – English dramatistStefan Wyszyński (1901 – 1981) – Polish theologian and churchmanXenophon (c. 430 – 354 BC) – Greek philosopherXerxes (519 BC – 465 BC) – King of PersiaLiu Xie (5th century) – Chinese writerIrvin D. Yalom (1931 – ) – American psychologist and writerWang Yangming (1472 – 1529) – Chinese philosopherFeng Youlan (1895 – 1990) – Chinese philosopherEdward Young (1681 – 1765) – English poetPamfil Yurkevich (1826 – 1874) – Ukrainian and Russian philosopherMaría Zambrano (1904 – 1991) – Spanish writer and philosopherPeter Wessel Zapffe (1899 – 1990) – Norwegian philosopherZerlina – literary figure (Mozart’s Don Giovanni)Frederik Ludvig Bang Zeuthen (1805 – 1874) – Danish philosopher and theologianZhuangzi (c. 4th century BC) – Chinese philosopherSlavoj Žižek (1949 – ) – Slovenian philosopher