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In July 1988, the Islamic Republic of Iran agreed to bring an end to the brutal eight-year war with Iraq. Over the next two months, under the orders of Supreme Leader Ayatollah Khomeini, political prisoners around the country were secretly brought before a tribunal panel that would later become known as the Death Commission. They were not told what was happening and did not know that one ‘wrong’ answer concerning their faith or political affiliation would send them straight to the gallows.Thousands of men and women were condemned to death, many buried in mass graves in Khavaran Cemetery in the vicinity of Tehran.Through eyewitness accounts of survivors, research by scholars and memories of children and spouses of the deceased, Voices of a Massacre reconstructs the events of that bloody summer. Over thirty years later, the Iranian government has still not officially acknowledged that they ever took place.
Nasser Mohajer is an independent scholar of modern Iranian history. He has authored many books and written numerous articles on contemporary Iran, including on the prison systems of both the Pahlavi dynasty and the Islamic Republic, women’s movements for equal rights and histories of the Iranian left. He currently resides in Paris and works with Noghteh Resources on Iran.
AcknowledgmentsA Note on Translation and TransliterationForewordPreface Chapter One: In HindsightThe Great Massacre | Nasser Mohajer Chapter Two: Voices of SurvivalTestimonies (Women’s Prison)This Is a Warning: “We Plan to Kill You” | Mahnaz SaidaSummer 1988 | Anahita RahmaniHe Held His Head Up | Nazli PartoviA Taste of Mortadella: Reflections on Massacre and Resistance | Shokoufeh SakhiReynaldo Galindo Pohl’s Inspection of Evin Prison | Laleh MastourTestimonies (Men’s Prison)Chronicle of a Crime | Iraj MesdaghiLife-Bestowing Telephone Call | Mehdi AslaniAwaiting Our Fate | Nasser Kh.A Defining Moment | Mehrdad Neshati Melikiyans Chapter Three: The Massacre in the ProvincesStill an Enigma | Fatemeh Jokar Interviewing Ms. ZaherExecutions in the Provinces: Summer 1988 | Assad Saif Chapter Four: The Mothers of Khavaran Past and Present | Nasser MohajerAnoush Brought Me Back to Life | Said Afshar Interviewing Forough LotfiA Note on Two Letters | Nasser MohajerHuman Rights in Iran | Brigitte BehzadiTo the UN Human Rights Commission | Brigitte BehzadiThe Mothers of Khavaran: A Unique Movement | Nasser Mohajer Chapter Five: Sons and Daughters of the Perished Speak OutHome | Samad KianiThirty Years | Saiid IsmatiOpen Letter to My Father’s Hangmen | Lale BehzadiTestifying: A Journey into the Past Ahead of Us | Chowra MakaremiMy Father, Ahmad Danesh | Stefan Parvis Töpelmann Chapter Six: A Call for JusticeThe Iran Tribunal: Justice in the Making | Shokoufeh SakhiThe Movement for Seeking Justice in Iran: Which Strategy? | Mojdeh Arasi and Homayoon IvaniNever Again | Jafar Behkish Appendix A: Unearthing a Crime Against Humanity in Bits and Pieces | Kaveh YazdaniAppendix B: Political Parties and Organizations of 1980s IranAppendix C: Chronology of the Massacre | Fatemeh JokarGlossaryIndex
‘Powerfully moving testimonies from prisoners who survived the brutal crackdowns in Tehran in 1988 by Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini… A wrenching, important work of historical scholarship demanding justice for the victims.’