Transforming Research and Higher Education Institutions in the Next 75 Years

On September 22, 2022, the National Academy of Sciences held a symposium entitled Endless Frontier 2022: Research and Higher Education Institutions for the Next 75 Years. The event was a follow up to a February 2020 NAS symposium convened to celebrate the 75th anniversary of the landmark report Science, the Endless Frontier.Building on the 2020 symposium and on lessons learned during the COVID-19 pandemic, the September 2022 symposium sought to generate tools, strategies, and actionable steps that people and institutions can implement to ensure that science and technology continue to serve the public good. The symposium was designed to progress from broad perspectives that encompass the entire science and technology enterprise to consideration of more specific issues. This proceedings summarizes the 2022 symposium.Table of ContentsFront MatterIntroduction1 Reevaluating the Structure of Institutions and the Scientific Enterprise2 The "Valleys of Death": Addressing the Translational Gap Between Discovery and Innovation3 Producing the Right Technical and Professional Science Workforce: Ensuring Inclusivity, Increasing Diversity, and Improving Training4 Is the Science and Technology Enterprise Optimized to Benefit Society?5 Final ObservationsAppendix A: Symposium AgendaAppendix B: Relevant Session Articles Found in Issues in Science and TechnologyAppendix C: Planning Committee Biographical Sketches