The Caribbean before Columbus

Häftad, Engelska, 2017

AvWilliam F. Keegan,Corinne L. Hofman

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The Caribbean before Columbus is a new synthesis of the region's insular history. It combines the results of the authors' 55 years of archaeological research on almost every island in the three archipelagoes with that of their numerous colleagues and collaborators. The presentation operates on multiple scales: temporal, spatial, local, regional, environmental, social, and political. In addition, individual sites are used to highlight specific issues. For the first time, the complete histories of the major islands and island groups are elucidated, and new insights are gained through inter-island comparisons. The book takes a step back from current debates regarding nomenclature to offer a common foundation and the opportunity for a fresh beginning. In this regard the original concepts of series and ages provide structure, and the diversity of expressions subsumed by these concepts is embraced. Historical names, such as Taíno and Lucayan, are avoided. The authors challenge the long-held conventional wisdom concerning island colonization, societal organization, interaction and transculturation, inter- and intra-regional transactions (exchange), and other basic elements of cultural development and change. The emphasis is on those elements that unite the Bahamas, Lesser Antilles, and Greater Antilles as a culture area, and also on their divergent pathways. Colonization is presented as a multifaceted wave-like process. Continuing ties to the surrounding mainland are highlighted. Interactions between residents and new colonists are recognized, with individual histories contingent on these historical interactions. New solutions are offered to the "Huecoid problem" the "Carib problem," the "Taíno problem," and the evolution of social complexity, especially in Puerto Rico.These solutions required a rethinking of social organization and its expression on the landscape. There comes a time when the old foundation can no longer support the structure that was built upon it; this is that time.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum2017-03-09
Mått152 x 229 x 22 mm
Vikt476 g
FormatHäftad
SpråkEngelska
Antal sidor360
FörlagOUP USA
ISBN9780190605254

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William F. Keegan is Curator of Caribbean Archaeology (FLMNH) and Professor of Anthropology at the University of Florida. He also serves as Associate Director for Research and Collections. He co-edited The Oxford Handbook of Caribbean Archaeology (OUP, 2013).Corinne L. Hofman is Professor of Caribbean Archaeology and Dean Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University, as well as a co-editor of The Oxford Handbook of Caribbean Archaeology (OUP, 2013).

List of FiguresList of Tables1. CARIBBEAN KALEIDOSCOPEThe Caribbean IslandsDifferent Ways of SeeingFar TortugaThe Name GameCiboney and GuanahatebeyIndios, Arawak, Taíno, Lucayan, IgneriCarib and KalinagoChanging Frames of ReferenceUnderlying Structure2. THE EARLIEST INHABITANTSFLAKED-STONE TOOL COMPLEXESOriginsCultural CharacteristicsEnvironmental ConsiderationsBarrera-Mordán Site, Dominican Republic (representing circa 4000 BC)Lithic Age AssemblagesGROUND-STONE TOOL COMPLEXESBanwari Trace Site, Trinidad (circa 5000 B.C)OriginsClimate Change and Anthropogenic LandscapesArchaic Age Assemblages in the Greater AntillesArchaic Age PotteryEuropean and Archaic Age EncountersConclusions3. THE EARLY CERAMIC AGEFrom Forest to SeaCreating IdentitiesTrants Site, Montserrat (circa 400 BC to AD 500)Hacienda Grande Site, Puerto Rico (circa AD 150 to 500)Redefining the Early Ceramic AgeMorel Site, Guadeloupe (circa 400 BC to AD 1400)Scale and PerspectiveSettlement PatternsGolden Rock Site, St. Eustatius (circa AD 600 to 850)Subsistence EconomyMaterial CultureSociopolitical OrganizationCosmologyConclusions4. POST-SALADOID PUERTO RICODispersion (circa AD 500 to 900)Crab/Shell DichotomyA Plethora of Pottery StylesPopulation Growth and Settlement PatternsRío Tanamá 2 Site (cal AD 980 to 1490)Egalitarian, Hierarchical, or Heterarchical?Settlement Landscape and Community Structure (AD 950 and Beyond)Río Tanamá 1 site (circa cal AD 980 to 1490)Formalization of ExchangePlaza de Estrella, Tibes Ceremonial Center"Taíno" in Puerto Rico?Late Pottery Styles (Figure 4.6)DemographyStone-lined Courts and PlazasCacicazgosConclusions5. MEILLACOID AND CHICOID WORLDSForagers and FarmersPottery Styles in HispaniolaAn Island DividedEl Cabo Site, Southeastern Dominican Republic (circa AD 600 to 1500)Northwestern Dominican RepublicMeillacoid RevolutionEl Flaco Site, Northwestern Dominican Republic (circa AD 900 to 1500)Île à Rat Site, Haiti (circa AD 900 to 1500)Social TransformationsCacicazgosEn Bas Saline, Haiti (circa AD 1492)Sweetness and PowerChicoid ExpansionConclusions7. CUBA, THE BAHAMA ARCHIPELAGO, AND JAMAICA CUBAPreagroalfarera (Archaic Age)Protoagrícola (Incipient Agriculture)Agricultores Ceramistas (Ceramic Age)Regional IntegrationEl Chorro de Maíta, Banes (circa AD 1200 to post AD 1600)Precious MetalsChicoid InfluencesLos Buchillones Site (circa AD 1220 to 1640)ConclusionsBAHAMA ARCHIPELAGOExploration and ColonizationCoralie Site, Grand Turk, Turks & Caicos Islands (circa AD 700 to 1100)Small IslandsGovernors Beach Site, Grand Turk, Turks & Caicos Islands (circa AD 1100 to 1300)Permanent SettlementLate Ceramic AgeMC-6, Middle Caicos, Turks & Caicos Islands (circa AD 1400 to 1600)The (Not So) Empty IslandsJAMAICAPottery Series as Distinct CulturesParadise Park Sites, Westmoreland (circa AD 850 and AD 1430)Conclusions8. LESSER ANTILLEAN NETWORKSThe First IslandersLate Archaic AgeArchaic Age SummaryNeolithization of the Lesser AntillesPost-Saladoid DevelopmentsAnse à la Gourde Site, Guadeloupe (circa AD 450 to 1350)Windward Islands (Southern Lesser Antilles)Giraudy Site, Saint Lucia (circa AD 900 to 1500)Social and Political NetworksKelbey's Ridge 2 Site, Saba (circa AD 1350)Demographic Collapse after AD 1300Morne Cybèle and Morne Souffler Sites, La Désirade (circa AD 1440 to 1460)Kalinago ArchaeologyArgyle Site, St. VincentDiscussion8. CARIBBEANColumbus and CannibalsCannibal Raids or Indigenous Trade?Colonial EmergenceLanguageArchaeological ResearchIndigenous SettlementsSubsistenceSocial OrganizationCacicazgos (Chiefdoms)Mythology and ReligionDemographyEarly Colonial European Chroniclers and the French MissionariesKaleidoscope: The Final TurnREFERENCES CITED

Few monographs have been able to successfully paint the picture of this complexity in a coherent way. The Caribbean before Columbus is a laudable attempt to fill the void...By attempting to redefine Caribbean archaeology, Keeganand Hofman have tackled a monster, but they have provided a commendable summary of where we are, and an excellent base to build roads to where we would like to be. It will be cited for many years to come.