Seismoelectric Exploration

Niels Grobbe, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, USA André Revil, Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, France Zhenya Zhu, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA Evert Slob, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands

• List of Contributors ixForeword 1: Steve Pride xiiiForeword 2: M Nafi Toksöz xvPreface xviiPart I: Theory 11 The Microscale Origin of the Seismoelectric Effect: Electrokinetics, Streaming Potential 3Niels Grobbe and André Revil2 The Governing Set of Coupled Seismo-electromagnetic Equations 9Niels Grobbe, André Revil, and Evert Slob3 Green’s Functions for Moment Tensor Sources Including the Double Couple Source 31Yongxin Gao and Hengshan HuPart II: Laboratory Experiments 474 Streaming Potential Measurements in Natural and Artificial Porous Samples 49Luong Duy Thanh and Rudolf Sprik5 Saturation Dependence of the Streaming Potential Coefficient 73Laurence Jouniaux, Vincent Allègre, Renaud Toussaint, and Fabio Zyserman6 Seismoelectric Coupling Coefficients 101Zhenya Zhu and M Nafi Toksöz7 Laboratory Measurements of Coseismic Fields: Toward a Validation of Pride’s Theory 109Clarisse Bordes, Daniel Brito, Stéphane Garambois, Julia Holzhauer, Laurence Jouniaux, and Michel Dietrich8 Water Saturated Rock Sample in Air 123Zhenya Zhu and M Nafi Toksöz9 Porous Rock Samples in Water 129Zhenya Zhu, M Nafi Toksöz, and Dan Burns10 Seismoelectric Conversion in a Sample With Anisotropic Permeability 137Zhenya Zhu, M Nafi Toksöz, and Xin Zhan11 Scaled Physical Models: Layered Models 14711a A Study of the Seismoelectric Effect of a Frozen-unfrozen Interface Based Upon Ultrasonic Experiment 148Zhengping Liu, Lei Yuan, Xin Zhang, Zhihui Liu, and Haiyan Wu11b An Experimental Study to the Seismoelectric Responses of Unfrozen Water Content 153Zhengping Liu, Lang Song, and Lei Yuan11c An Experimental Study of Rayleigh Waves Based on Seismoelectric Measurements 160Ziying Xiong, Zhengping Liu, and Kai Zhang11d Scaled Layer Model 174Zhenya Zhu, M Nafi Toksöz, and Jun Wang12 Scaled Physical Models: Borehole Models 17712a Borehole Model in a Horizontally Layered Strata 178Zhenya Zhu, M Nafi Toksöz, and Matthijs W Haartsen12b Borehole Model with Fractures 183Zhenya Zhu and M Nafi Toksöz13 Experimental Study of Correlation Imaging With Seismoelectromagnetic Waves 191Sareh Nakhaee and Rudolf Sprik14 Tool Wave in Acoustic Logging While Drilling 203Zhenya Zhu and M Nafi Toksöz15 Multipole Seismoelectric Well Logging While Drilling 213Zhenya Zhu, M Nafi Toksöz, and Xin ZhanPart III: Numerical Modeling 21716 Earthquake Sources: Moment Tensor Point Source 219Yongxin Gao and Hengshan Hu17 Earthquake Sources: Finite Fault Sources 235Yongxin Gao and Hengshan Hu18 Finite Element Modeling of Electroseismics and Seismoelectrics 245Fabio Zyserman, Patricia Gauzellino, and Laurence Jouniaux19 Seismoelectric Signals Produced by Mesoscopic Heterogeneities: Spectroscopic Analysis of Fractured Media 269Marina Rosas-Carbajal, Damien Jougnot, J Germán Rubino, Leonardo Monachesi, Niklas Linde, and Klaus Holliger20 Evanescent EM Waves Generated by Seismoelectric Conversion at an Interface 289Hengxin Ren, Qinghua Huang, and Xiaofei ChenPart IV: Field Experiments and Applications 31921 Design of Field Instrumentation and Noise Removal Techniques for Seismoelectric Measurements 321J Christian Dupuis, Anton W Kepic, and Karl E Butler22 Seismoelectric Field Measurements in Unconsolidated Sediments in Comparison With Other Methods of Near-Surface Prospecting 347Wolfgang Rabbel, Katja Iwanowski-Strahser, Matthias Strahser, Laura Dzieran, and Martin Thorwart23 Investigating the Interfacial Seismoelectric Response at Field Scale 365Julia Holzhauer and Ugur Yaramanci24 Seismoelectric Characterization of Ice Sheets and Glaciers 383Bernd Kulessa, Stéphane Garambois, Michel Dietrich, Karl E Butler, Sarah S Thompson, and Graham Stuart25 Seismoelectric Ground Response to Local and Regional Earthquakes 401Laura Dzieran, Wolfgang Rabbel, Martin Thorwart, and Oliver Ritter26 Electromagnetic Signals Associated With Earthquakes: A Review of Observations, Data Processing, and Mechanisms in China 415Qinghua Huang, Peng Han, Katsumi Hattori, and Hengxin Ren27 Field Observations of the Seismo-electromagnetic Effect Related to Earthquakes 437Yukio Fujinawa and Yoichi NodaNomenclature 451Index 455