Scaling Laws and Urban Systems

Céline Vacchiani-Marcuzzo is Geographer and Professor at Université Paris Cité, France. Her work focuses on the functional and relational aspects of cities (demographic dynamics, economic trajectories, mobility, etc.) from a comparative global perspective.Denise Pumain is Geographer and Emeritus Professor at Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, France. As a specialist in urban dynamics, she questions the relevance of transferring models between the natural sciences and social sciences.

• Introduction xiiiCéline VACCHIANI-MARCUZZO and Denise PUMAINPart 1. Consolidating the Significance of Urban Scaling Laws 1Chapter 1. Scaling Laws in Complex Systems Dynamics 3Denise PUMAIN1.1. Scaling laws: definition and interpretations 31.2. A difficult synthesis 131.3. Applications of scaling laws 161.4. Scaling laws: challenges for urban policy 201.5. Conclusion 231.6. References 25Chapter 2. Epistemological and Critical Examination of Urban Scaling Laws 35Cécile TANNIER and Denise PUMAIN2.1. Introduction 362.2. Concept of scale in urban geography 362.3. Scale invariance of the rank-size distribution of cities and central place systems 462.4. Scaling laws: theoretical challenges 552.5. Practical issues still unresolved 602.6. Conclusion 622.7. References 64Chapter 3. Generative Models of Hierarchical Systems of Cities: The Role of Individuals and Firms 75Cécile TANNIER3.1. Introduction 753.2. Explanatory processes for the hierarchization of systems of cities 773.3. Intraurban agglomeration and competition processes explaining interurban hierarchies 793.4. Interurban hierarchies explained by the intensity and diversity of intraurban social interactions 803.5. City hierarchies and urban scaling laws resulting from migration or individual interurban interactions 873.6. Properties of the modeled structures and dynamics 943.7. Conclusion 1053.8. References 106Chapter 4. Modeling Interactions Between Cities to Simulate Urban Hierarchies 115Cécile TANNIER4.1. Introduction 1154.2. Three categories of processes at work in the dynamics of systems of cities 1174.3. Models 1234.4. Components of model dynamics 1494.5. Conclusion 1554.6. References 156Part 2. Revisiting International Comparison of Urban Systems with Scaling Laws 165Chapter 5. Urban Functions and Scaling Laws: South Africa, United States, France 167Céline VACCHIANI-MARCUZZO and Fabien PAULUS5.1. Scaling laws to the test: a comparative analysis of South Africa, France and the United States 1685.2. A hybrid system of cities between the new world and developing countries 1695.3. Scaling laws and industry (economic sectors) 1715.4. Exploration of occupations 1785.5. Conclusion 1865.6. References 186Chapter 6. Scaling Laws and Integration Dynamics in Cities of the European Union 191Olivier FINANCE and Denise PUMAIN6.1. Scaling laws and the diffusion of innovations 1936.2. Foreign investment flows into European cities 2006.3. Scaling laws and indicators of metropolization 2076.4. Conclusion 2096.5. References 209Chapter 7. The Integration of Cities with Globalization, From 2010 to 2022, Through the Lens of Scaling Laws 215Céline ROZENBLAT7.1. Understanding the scaling laws of cities in multinational corporation networks 2177.2. Contribution of scaling laws to understanding the processes of city integration into multinational corporation networks 2237.3. Reliable database and rigorous methodology 2247.4. Scaling laws for cities based on multinational enterprise networks 2357.5. Network properties in urban systems revealed by scaling laws 2437.6. Conclusion 2497.7. References 250Part 3. Scaling Laws to Better Characterize Urban Forms 255Chapter 8. Intra-Urban Radial Scaling Laws 257Justin DELLOYE, Estelle MENNICKEN, Paul KILGARRIFF, Rémi LEMOY and Geoffrey CARUSO8.1. Introduction 2578.2. Literature and definitions 2598.3. Radial approach: concept and empirical measurements 2618.4. Results 2658.5. Discussion and conclusion 2708.6. References 271Chapter 9. A Method to Define Multiscalar Systems of Cities in France 275Florent LE NÉCHET, Benoit CONTI and Sylvestre DUROUDIER9.1. Introduction 2759.2. Mobility dynamics and functional interpretations of urbanized spaces 2779.3. Proposal for an original method for analyzing the existence of "multiscalar" urban systems 2829.4. Diversity in the spatial organization of urban systems in France 2899.5. Conclusion 3059.6. References 306Conclusion. What Role will Scaling Laws Play in the Future of Cities? 311Céline VACCHIANI-MARCUZZO and Denise PUMAINList of Authors 323Index 325