Ultimately, «Reformers, Activists, Intellectuals, and the Circulation of Knowledge» is an important and rigorously argued contribution to the history of adult education in Europe. Its scholarship is anchored, its conceptual framing is strong without being doctrinaire, and its ethical seriousness—especially its willingness to engage the darker pedagogies of nationalism and exclusion—makes it a book that the field needs. It should be read not only by historians of adult education, but by anyone who wishes to understand adult learning as a force that can democratise, discipline, emancipate, domesticate, radicalise, or regress—depending on the social relations in which it is organised. (George K. Zarifis, in: Studies in the Education of Adults, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/02660830.2026.2652688)