Principles of Highway Engineering and Traffic Analysis, EMEA Edition

Häftad, Engelska, 2020

Av Fred L. Mannering, Scott S. Washburn, Fred L. (University of Washington) Mannering, Scott S. (University of Florida) Washburn

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Highly regarded for its clarity and depth of coverage, the bestselling Principles of Highway Engineering and Traffic Analysis provides a comprehensive introduction to the highway-related problems civil engineers encounter every day. Emphasizing practical applications and up-to-date methods, this book prepares students for real-world practice while building the essential knowledge base required of a transportation professional. In-depth coverage of highway engineering and traffic analysis, road vehicle performance, traffic flow and highway capacity, pavement design, travel demand, traffic forecasting, and other essential topics equips students with the understanding they need to analyze and solve the problems facing highway system.

Produktinformation

Utgivningsdatum2020-01-27
Mått10 x 10 x 10 mm
Vikt454 g
FormatHäftad
SpråkEngelska
Antal sidor416
Upplaga7
FörlagJohn Wiley & Sons Inc
ISBN9781119587316

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Preface vChapter 1 Introduction to Highway Engineering and Traffic Analysis 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Highways and the Economy 21.2.1 The Highway Economy 21.2.2 Supply Chains 21.2.3 Economic Development 31.3 Highways, Energy, the Environment, and Climate Change 31.4 Highways as Part of the Transportation System 31.5 Highway Transportation and the Human Element 41.5.1 Passenger Transportation Modes and Traffic Congestion 41.5.2 Highway Safety 51.5.3 Demographic Trends 61.6 Highways and Evolving Technologies 61.6.1 Infrastructure Technologies 61.6.2 Traffic Control Technologies 71.6.3 Vehicle and Autonomous Vehicle Technologies 81.7 Scope of Study 9Chapter 2 Road Vehicle Performance 112.1 Introduction 112.2 Tractive Effort and Resistance 112.3 Aerodynamic Resistance 122.4 Rolling Resistance 152.5 Grade Resistance 172.6 Available Tractive Effort 182.6.1 Maximum Tractive Effort 182.6.2 Engine-Generated Tractive Effort 212.7 Vehicle Acceleration 252.8 Fuel Efficiency 292.9 Principles of Braking 302.9.1 Braking Forces 302.9.2 Braking Force Ratio and Efficiency 322.9.3 Antilock Braking Systems 352.9.4 Theoretical Stopping Distance 352.9.5 Practical Stopping Distance 392.9.6 Distance Traveled During Driver Perception/Reaction 422.10 Practice Problems 45Chapter 3 Geometric Design of Highways 533.1 Introduction 533.2 Principles of Highway Alignment 543.3 Vertical Alignment 553.3.1 Vertical Curve Fundamentals 573.3.2 Stopping Sight Distance 653.3.3 Stopping Sight Distance and Crest Vertical Curve Design 663.3.4 Stopping Sight Distance and Sag Vertical Curve Design 703.3.5 Passing Sight Distance and Crest Vertical Curve Design 783.3.6 Underpass Sight Distance and Sag Vertical Curve Design 813.4 Horizontal Alignment 843.4.1 Vehicle Cornering 843.4.2 Horizontal Curve Fundamentals 863.4.3 Stopping Sight Distance and Horizontal Curve Design 903.5 Combined Vertical and Horizontal Alignment 923.6 Practice Problems 98Chapter 4 Pavement Design 1074.1 Introduction 1074.2 Pavement Types 1074.2.1 Flexible Pavements 1084.2.2 Rigid Pavements 1094.3 Pavement System Design: Principles for Flexible Pavements 1094.4 Traditional AASHTO Flexible-Pavement Design Procedure 1104.4.1 Serviceability Concept 1114.4.2 Flexible-Pavement Design Equation 1114.4.3 Structural Number 1184.5 Pavement System Design: Principles for Rigid Pavements 1224.6 Traditional AASHTO Rigid-Pavement Design Procedure 1234.7 Design-Lane Loads 1324.8 Measuring Pavement Quality and Performance 1374.8.1 International Roughness Index 1374.8.2 Friction Measurements 1384.8.3 Rut Depth 1394.8.4 Cracking 1394.8.5 Faulting 1404.8.6 Punchouts 1404.9 Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design 1404.10 Practice Problems 142Chapter 5 Fundamentals of Traffic Flow and Queuing Theory 1515.1 Introduction 1515.2 Traffic Stream Parameters 1515.2.1 Traffic Flow, Speed, and Density 1525.3 Basic Traffic Stream Models 1575.3.1 Speed-Density Model 1575.3.2 Flow-Density Model 1595.3.3 Speed-Flow Model 1605.4 Models of Traffic Flow 1625.4.1 Poisson Model 1625.4.2 Limitations of the Poisson Model 1665.5 Queuing Theory and Traffic Flow Analysis 1675.5.1 Dimensions of Queuing Models 1675.5.2 D/D/1 Queuing 1685.5.3 M/D/1 Queuing 1755.5.4 M/M/1 Queuing 1775.5.5 M/M/N Queuing 1785.6 Traffic Analysis at Highway Bottlenecks 1815.7 Impact of Autonomous Vehicles 1845.8 Practice Problems 186Chapter 6 Highway Capacity and Level-of-Service Analysis 1916.1 Introduction 1916.2 Level-of-Service Concept 1926.3 Level-of-Service Determination 1956.3.1 Base Conditions and Capacity 1956.3.2 Determine Free-Flow Speed 1956.3.3 Determine Analysis Flow Rate 1966.3.4 Calculate Service Measure(s) and Determine LOS 1966.4 Basic Freeway Segments 1966.4.1 Speed versus Flow Rate Relationship 1966.4.2 Base Conditions and Capacity 1986.4.3 Service Measure 1986.4.4 Determine Free-Flow Speed 2016.4.5 Determine Analysis Flow Rate 2026.4.6 Calculate Density and Determine LOS 2086.5 Multilane Highway Segments 2116.5.1 Speed versus Flow Rate Relationship 2126.5.2 Base Conditions and Capacity 2156.5.3 Service Measure 2156.5.4 Determining Free-Flow Speed 2156.5.5 Determining Analysis Flow Rate 2176.5.6 Calculate Density and Determine LOS 2176.6 Two-Lane Highways 2216.6.1 Analysis Concepts 2226.7 Design Traffic Volumes 2336.8 Practice Problems 237Chapter 7 Traffic Control and Analysis at Signalized Intersections 2437.1 Introduction 2437.2 Intersection and Signal Control Characteristics 2447.2.1 Actuated Control 2477.2.2 Signal Controller Operation 2507.3 Traffic Flow Fundamentals for Signalized Intersections 2537.4 Development of a Traffic Signal Phasing and Timing Plan 2567.4.1 Select Signal Phasing 2577.4.2 Establish Analysis Lane Groups 2617.4.3 Calculate Analysis Flow Rates and Adjusted Saturation Flow Rates 2637.4.4 Determine Critical Lane Groups and Total Cycle Lost Time 2637.4.5 Calculate Cycle Length 2667.4.6 Allocate Green Time 2687.4.7 Calculate Change and Clearance Intervals 2707.4.8 Check Pedestrian Crossing Time 2727.5 Analysis of Traffic at Signalized Intersections 2737.5.1 Signalized Intersection Analysis with D/D/1 Queuing 2747.5.2 Signal Coordination 2817.5.3 Control Delay Calculation for Level of Service Analysis 2897.5.4 Level-of-Service Determination 2947.6 Practice Problems 299Chapter 8 Travel Demand and Traffic Forecasting 3118.1 Introduction 3118.2 Traveler Decisions 3138.3 Scope of the Travel Demand and Traffic Forecasting Problem 3138.4 Trip Generation 3168.4.1 Typical Trip Generation Models 3178.4.2 Trip Generation with Count Data Models 3208.5 Mode and Destination Choice 3228.5.1 Methodological Approach 3228.5.2 Logit Model Applications 3248.6 Highway Route Choice 3298.6.1 Highway Performance Functions 3308.6.2 User Equilibrium 3318.6.3 Mathematical Programming Approach to User Equilibrium 3368.6.4 System Optimization 3378.7 Autonomous Vehicles, Highway Performance Functions, and System Optimization 3418.8 Traffic Forecasting in Practice 3428.9 The Traditional Four-Step Process 3468.10 The Current State of Travel Demand and Traffic Forecasting 3478.11 Practice Problems 348Appendix 8A Least Squares Estimation 352Appendix 8B Maximum-Likelihood Estimation 354Problems (Available in e-text for students) P-1Index I-1