Primary Aldosteronism: Physiopathology and Diagnosis

Marta Araujo-Castro, MD, PhD, is a Consultant Endocrinologist in the Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition at Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and a researcher at the Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS) in Madrid, Spain. She coordinates the hospital's Pituitary and Adrenal Unit, where she leads multidisciplinary clinical care for patients with complex endocrine disorders. Dr. Araujo-Castro obtained her medical degree and completed her specialty training in Endocrinology and Nutrition in Spain. She earned her PhD with distinction (Cum Laude and Extraordinary Doctorate Award), focusing on personalized medicine in adrenal tumors through metabolomics. Her clinical and research interests encompass adrenal and pituitary diseases, with particular emphasis on Cushing syndrome, primary aldosteronism, pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, adrenal insufficiency, adrenal tumors, and acromegaly.

• 1. Aldosterone: synthesis and regulationElías Álvarez-García and Marta Bello-Rego2. Pathophysiology of primary aldosteronismPaola Parra-Ramírez and Patricia Martín Rojas3. Prevalence of primary aldosteronism and screening indicationsJorge Gabriel Ruiz-Sanchez4. Clinical manifestations of primary aldosteronism and cardiometabolic riskEider Pascual-Corrales5. Diagnosis of primary aldosteronism: renin activity, renin concentration and aldosterone/renin ratioGregori Casals and Manuel Morales6. Diagnosis of primary aldosteronism confirmatory testAna Maria García Cano, Laura Caja Guayerbas and Marta Rosillo Coronado7. Diagnosis of Primary Aldosteronism: Novel Workup Strategies and Biochemical ToolsArturo Vega Sr.8. Genetics in primary aldosteronismVerónica Barca9. Low-renin hypertensionPaolo Mulatero and Jessica Goi10. Adrenal venous sampling interpretation and other diagnostic lateralization tools in PAMartin Reincke and Friederike Völter11. Aldosterona & Cortisol cosecretionFelicia Hanzu